Experimental Study on Effect of Height of Lateral Forces, Applied Vertical Axial Loads and Wall Reinforcements on Seismic Behavior of Confined Concrete Masonry Walls

In‐plane and out‐of‐plane behavior of confined masonry walls for various toothing and openings details and prediction of their strength and stiffness

“…The shear strength under zero compression v mo and the tensile strength of masonry f t m ′ was calculated using the following equations [34,35]. The shear strength under zero compression v mo and the tensile strength of masonry f t m ′ was calculated using the following equations [34,35].…”

“…The peak load carrying capacity of walls SI and SI-O 2WA was found to be 84. Equations (28), (33) and (34) given by NZSEE [39] and Mohammadi and Nikfar [37] showed maximum error in predicting both strength and stiffness reduction for the infill wall. The equation given by Tasnimi and Mohebkhah [41] and Mondal and Jain [40] accurately predicts the observed reduction in strength and stiffness of the infilled frame, respectively.…”

“…The lateral load capacity of CM walls SC CT , SC FT , and SC NT obtained from tests are compared with values predicted using the existing relations. The shear strength under zero compression v mo and the tensile strength of masonry f t m ′ was calculated using the following equations [34,35]. [14] on masonry with similar lime-cement mortar mix.…”

Flexural Behavior of Confined Masonry Walls Subjected to In-Plane Lateral Loads

“…There are some studies related to the in-plane flexural behavior of other types of masonry walls. In the case of reinforced walls, the main variables that have been studied are the quantity and distribution of reinforcement (Yoshimura et al 2000, Shedid et al 2008, wall axial load (Tanner et al 2005, Varela et al 2006, Shedid et al 2008, and wall aspect ratio (Tanner et al 2005, Varela et al 2006. Flexural behavior of those walls was, in general, characterized by flexural cracks over the wall height followed by yielding of the longitudinal steel reinforcement.…”

Influential aspects on seismic performance of confined masonry construction

“…Mostly these studies are on wall panels submitted to lateral displacement control loading combined in plane normal and shear. Meli [8] carried out tests on confined masonry panels to assess the shear strength, ductility and energy absorption capacity; Bernardini [9] reported the results of tests to clarify issues on stiffness degradation, crack evolution and energy dissipation; Luders and Hidalgo [10] performed cyclic tests in partly and fully grouted CM walls to study the effect of reinforced horizontal mortar joints; Tomazevic and Lutman [11] presented study on seismic resistance of reinforced masonry walls; Sanchez and Astroza [12] studied the behavior under cyclic loading and quantified the confining improvement; Kumazwa [13], Yoshimura [14] studied non-linear characteristics of CM wall with lateral reinforcement in mortar joint at corner part of wall; Yoshimuara [15] again evaluated effect of wall reinforcement subjected to lateral forces at different heights and axial load; Yanez [16] showed the comparison of CM wall panels made of hollow concrete and clay brick masonry unit with four cases of openings; Zabala [17] presented a complete study on CM walls with different column reinforcement; Marinilli [18] presented the results of four full-scale wall panels with 2, 3, and 4 tie columns under reversed cyclic lateral and constant vertical load; Gouveia and Lourenco [6] reported test results on CM walls showing influence of confinement, horizontal reinforcement and different kinds of units; Wijaya [19] presented a complete study on CM walls with grooves at interface of masonry and tie column, short anchor between column-wall and continuous anchorage embedded in mortar joint and RC column and carried out comparative study with reinforced concrete frame with masonry infill. Meanwhile, the knowledge of various parameters of CM walls under cyclic loading is very scanty.…”