Experimental Realization of Critical Thermal Fuse Rupture

Lamaignère, Laurent; Carmona, F.; Sornette, Didier

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.77.2738

Cited by 77 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In this model, rupture was indeed found to occur as the culmination of the progressive nucleation, growth, and fusion among microcracks, leading to a fractal network, but the exponents were found to be nonuniversal and a function of the damage law. This model has since been found to describe correctly experiments on the electric breakdown of insulator-conducting composites (15). Another application is damage by electromigration of polycrystalline metal films (16,17).…”

Section: Prediction Of Rupture In Complex Systemsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Predictability of catastrophic events: Material rupture, earthquakes, turbulence, financial crashes, and human birth

Sornette

2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We propose that catastrophic events are ''outliers'' with statistically different properties than the rest of the population and result from mechanisms involving amplifying critical cascades. We describe a unifying approach for modeling and predicting these catastrophic events or ''ruptures,'' that is, sudden transitions from a quiescent state to a crisis. Such ruptures involve interactions between structures at many different scales. Applications and the potential for prediction are discussed in relation to the rupture of composite materials, great earthquakes, turbulence, and abrupt changes of weather regimes, financial crashes, and human parturition (birth). Future improvements will involve combining ideas and tools from statistical physics and artificial͞computational intelligence, to identify and classify possible universal structures that occur at different scales, and to develop application-specific methodologies to use these structures for prediction of the ''crises'' known to arise in each application of interest. We live on a planet and in a society with intermittent dynamics rather than a state of equilibrium, and so there is a growing and urgent need to sensitize students and citizens to the importance and impacts of ruptures in their multiple forms.

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Section: Prediction Of Rupture In Complex Systemsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Predictability of catastrophic events: Material rupture, earthquakes, turbulence, financial crashes, and human birth

Sornette

2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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262

196

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“…The concept that earthquakes can be viewed as critical phenomena is supported by recent observations that rupture in heterogeneous media exhibits critical behavior (Andersen et al, 1997;Lamaignere et al, 1996;Sornette, 2000). The word "critical" describes a system at the boundary between order and disorder, and is characterized by both extreme susceptibility to external factors and strong long range correlations between different parts of the system (Sornette and Sornette, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Testing the critical exponent in the relation between stress drop of earthquake and lead time of seismic electric signal

Dologlou

2012

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The application of new data in the power law relation between the stress drop of the earthquake and the lead time of the precursory seismic electric signal led to an exponent which falls in the range of the values of critical exponents for fracture and it is in excellent agreement with a previous one found by (Dologlou, 2012). In addition, this exponent is very close to the one reported by Varotsos and Alexopoulos (1984a), which interconnects the amplitude of the precursory seismic electric signals (SES) and the magnitude of the impending earthquake. Hence, the hypothesis that underlying dynamic processes evolving to criticality prevail in the pre-focal area when the SES is emitted is significantly supported.

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“…In analogy to the study of critical phase transitions in statistical physics, it has been recently argued that the fracture of heterogeneous materials could be viewed as a critical phenomenon (Herrmann and Roux, 1990;Vanneste and Sornette, 1992;Lamaignere et al, 1996;Andersen et al, 1997;Sornette, 2000), either at laboratory scale (Petri et al, 1994;Guarino et al, 1998Guarino et al, , 2002 or at geophysical scales (Chelidze, 1982;Allegre et al, 1982;Sornette and Sornette, 1990;Diodati et al, 1991;Sornette and Sammis, 1995;Saleur et al, 1996a,b;Main, 1996;Bowman et al, 1998;Kossobokov et al, 1999). This result comes from different observations including power law scaling in space (fractals), time and energy, long-range correlations, or the divergence of the rate of energy dissipation near the critical point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving towards a critical point: A possible electromagnetic way in which the critical regime is reached as the rupture approaches

Kapiris

Eftaxias

Νομικός

et al. 2003

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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Abstract. In analogy to the study of critical phase transitions in statistical physics, it has been argued recently that the fracture of heterogeneous materials could be viewed as a critical phenomenon, either at laboratory or at geophysical scales. If the picture of the development of the fracture is correct one may guess that the precursors may reveal the critical approach of the main-shock. When a heterogeneous material is stretched, its evolution towards breaking is characterized by the appearance of microcracks before the final break-up. Microcracks produce both acoustic and electromagnetic (EM) emission in the frequency range from VLF to VHF. The microcracks and the associated acoustic and EM activities constitute the so-called precursors of general fracture. These precursors are detectable not only at laboratory but also at geophysical scales. VLF and VHF acoustic and EM emissions have been reported resulting from volcanic and seismic activities in various geologically distinct regions of the world. In the present work we attempt to establish the hypothesis that the evolution of the Earth's crust towards the critical point takes place not only in a mechanical but also in an electromagnetic sense. In other words, we focus on the possible electromagnetic criticality, which is reached while the catastrophic rupture in the Earth's crust approaches. Our main tool is the monitoring of micro-fractures that occur before the final breakup, by recording their radioelectromagnetic emissions. We show that the spectral power law analysis of the electromagnetic precursors reveals distinguishing signatures of underlying critical dynamics, such as: (i) the emergence of memory effects; (ii) the decrease with time of the anti-persistence behaviour; (iii) the presence of persistence properties in the tail of the sequence of the precursors; and (iv) the acceleration of the precursory electromagnetic energy release. Moreover, the statistical analysis of the amplitudes of the electromagnetic fluctuations reveals the breaking of the symmetry as the theory predicts. Finally, we try to answer the question: how universal the observed Correspondence to: K. A. Eftaxias (ceftax@phys.uoa.gr) electromagnetic critical behaviour of the failing system is?

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Experimental Realization of Critical Thermal Fuse Rupture

Cited by 77 publications

References 21 publications

Predictability of catastrophic events: Material rupture, earthquakes, turbulence, financial crashes, and human birth

Predictability of catastrophic events: Material rupture, earthquakes, turbulence, financial crashes, and human birth

Testing the critical exponent in the relation between stress drop of earthquake and lead time of seismic electric signal

Evolving towards a critical point: A possible electromagnetic way in which the critical regime is reached as the rupture approaches

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