Experimental investigation on laser directed energy deposition of functionally graded layers of Ni-Cr-B-Si and SS316L

Banait, S.; Paul, C. P.; Jinoop, A. N.; Kumar, Harish; Pawade, Raju S.; Bindra, K. S.

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2019.105787

Cited by 45 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, the system employs an infrared (IR) camera for closed-loop control through monitoring of the width of the molten pool [92]. Most commercialized DED processes uses two or more hoppers for feeding of powders to deposit heterogeneous materials through selective mixing of different powders [93]. The feature allows the DED process to easily produce a functionally graded material and structure (FGM&S) [93].…”

Section: Development Of Processes and Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most commercialized DED processes uses two or more hoppers for feeding of powders to deposit heterogeneous materials through selective mixing of different powders [93]. The feature allows the DED process to easily produce a functionally graded material and structure (FGM&S) [93].…”

Section: Development Of Processes and Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The developed LAM-DED process employs multiple hoppers for feeding of different powders [4,32,[51][52][53][54]. The feeding of different materials enables in situ synthesizing alloys with a location-dependent chemical compositions through mixing of different powders [4,93,129,130]. The in situ synthesizing characteristics of the LAM-DED process can fabricate tailored materials [42,52,129,130].…”

Section: Tailored Materials and Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GPM creates compositionally graded interlayers between different materials, as shown in Fig. 8d [51,53,93,119,130,131,[136][137][138][139][140]. Ocylok et al fabricated functionally graded multi-layers with mixed compositions between bottom and top layers using a LAM-DED process for the sake of improving the wear and corrosion characteristics of a die casting mold [51,136].…”

Section: Tailored Materials and Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Directed Energy Deposition (DED) Process: State of the Art

Ahn

2021

Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech.

306

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Metal additive manufacturing technologies, such as powder bed fusion process, directed energy deposition (DED) process, sheet lamination process, etc., are one of promising flexible manufacturing technologies due to direct fabrication characteristics of a metallic freeform with a three-dimensional shape from computer aided design data. DED processes can create an arbitrary shape on even and uneven substrates through line-by-line deposition of a metallic material. Theses DED processes can easily fabricate a heterogeneous material with desired properties and characteristics via successive and simultaneous depositions of different materials. In addition, a hybrid process combining DED with different manufacturing processes can be conveniently developed. Hence, researches on the DED processes have been steadily increased in recent years. This paper reviewed recent research trends of DED processes and their applications. Principles, key technologies and the state-of-the art related to the development of process and system, the optimization of deposition conditions and the application of DED process were discussed. Finally, future research issues and opportunities of the DED process were identified.

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Section: Development Of Processes and Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development Of Processes and Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tailored Materials and Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tailored Materials and Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Directed Energy Deposition (DED) Process: State of the Art

Ahn

2021

Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech.

306

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“…The advantages of these materials are their moderate density, unique mechanical characteristics under high temperatures and chemical and erosion resistance within a wide temperature range [ 17 ]. Specially, the functionally graded system of Ni-Cr-B-Si and stainless steel such as SS 316L should be mentioned [ 19 ]. Ni-Cr-B-Si alloys are widely used in corrosive and high-temperature conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Evaluation of the Dendritic Structure Parameters and Crystallization Rate of Laser-Deposited Cu-Fe Functionally Graded Materials

2020

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The paper is devoted to the direct energy deposition (DED) of functionally graded materials (FGMs) created from stainless steel and aluminum bronze with 10% content of Al and 1% of Fe. The results of the microstructure analysis using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) demonstrate the existence of a dendritic structure in the specimens. The crystallization rate of the gradient binary Cu-Fe system structures was investigated and calculated using the model of a fast-moving concentrated source with an ellipsoid crystallization front. The width of the secondary elements of the dendrites in the crystallized slab was numerically estimated as 0.2 nm at the center point of the circle heat spot, and the two types of dendrites were predicted in the specimen: the dendrites from 0.2 to approximately 50 nm and from approximately 0.1 to 0.3 μm in width of the secondary elements. The results were found to be in good accordance with the measured experimental values of the dendritic structure geometry parameters.

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