Experimental Investigation of the Rheological Behavior of an Oil-Based Drilling Fluid with Rheology Modifier and Oil Wetter Additives

Murtaza, Mobeen; Alarifi, Sulaiman A.; Kamal, Muhammad Shahzad; Onaizi, Sagheer A.; Al-Ajmi, Mohammed D.; Mahmoud, Mohamed

doi:10.3390/molecules26164877

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…The filter cup was fastened in place and the filtration experiment began using compressed air at 100 psi (raised to 500 psi for the plugging efficiency testing). After 30 min of the filtration experiment, the filtrate liquid was collected and its total volume was measured [27]. (2,776 μm).…”

Section: Fluid Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plugging efficiency of flaky and fibrous lost circulation materials in different carrier fluid systems

2022

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Lost circulation is one of the most significant contributors to wellbore instability and causes an increase in drilling operation costs. It is also a major contributor to the nonproductive time and must be minimized for improved economic and operational performance. The objective of this research is to provide tools and information about specific loss circulation management techniques that drillers can use to minimize lost circulation. This study involves comprehensive approaches to test the plugging efficiency of three different lost circulation materials (LCMs) from two groups of materials (flaky and fibrous). It also highlights the carrier fluids (drilling fluids) and the determination of the optimum drilling fluid properties. Different fracture sizes and the effect of the various LCM are analyzed. The impact of LCM’s shape, size, and physical and chemical properties along with the fracture sizes is discussed. Examining the particle size distribution before and after mixing with the fluids shows the capability of the materials in plugging the fracture while maintaining the minimum porosity and permeability of the plug. It also helps to strengthen the fracture gradient of the formation by knowing the actual particle sizes. The primary objective of this work is to precisely study and analyze these factors on the three LCMs along with different carrier fluids to investigate their plugging efficiency and potentially resolve or minimize the severity of the lost circulation problem.

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Section: Fluid Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plugging efficiency of flaky and fibrous lost circulation materials in different carrier fluid systems

2022

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“…As unconventional reservoirs are explored and developed, higher demands are placed on drilling fluid technology. Shale formations have many natural pores with joint developments, which are characterized by low permeability, strong adsorption, easy fracture of the formation, and high water sensitivity. , In the oil and gas field, wellbore instability has been found in over 75% of formations. , Oil-based drilling fluids (OBDFs) are frequently used for shale gas drilling in long horizontal sections, which is attributed to their advantages such as high antipollution ability, good lubricity, rheological properties, and better sealing performance. , However, as the complexity of the formation encountered in drilling increases, drilling fluid filtrates still penetrates into shale pore joints during shale gas development, leading to frequent well wall destabilization problems. − The primary factor in solving the shale borehole destabilization problem is the incorporation of effective nanosealing materials in the drilling fluids. In response to frequent well wall destabilization problems, drilling fluids with excellent sealing properties are expected. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Poly(MM-EM-BM) as Nanosealing Materials in Oil-Based Drilling Fluids: Synthesis and Evaluation

Wang

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Nanosealing technology has become the key to overcoming the wellbore instability problem in deep and ultradeep shale formations. In this Article, the terpolymer poly(MM-EM-BM) was synthesized from methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and butyl methacrylate by a Michael addition reaction. The poly(MM-EM-BM) nanoparticles were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, laser scattering analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results imply that the particle size range of poly(MM-EM-BM) is between 33.90 and 135.62 nm and the average diameter is about 85.95 nm at room temperature, which can maintain excellent stability at 382.75 °C. The effects of poly(MM-EM-BM) on the properties of oil-based drilling fluids (OBDFs) were ascertained through experiments on the rheological performance, electrical stability, and high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) filtration loss. The results suggested that when the amount of added poly(MM-EM-BM) increases, the apparent viscosity, plastic viscosity, dynamic shear force, and demulsification voltage of the drilling fluids will increase correspondingly; in contrast, the HTHP filtration loss gradually decreased. When poly(MM-EM-BM) is added at 0.75%, the kinetic-to-plastic ratio of the drilling fluids is 0.24 and the filtration loss is 0.6 mL, showing excellent overall performance. The drilling fluids have a good rock-carrying ability and water loss wall-building property. The sealing performance and mechanism of poly(MM-EM-BM) were researched by the method of a sealing performance test under high temperature. The results indicated that the more poly(MM-EM-BM) used, the higher the sealing efficiency of the mud cake and the core as the sealing medium. When poly(MM-EM-BM) was added at 0.75%, the sealing rates of the mud cake and the core as the sealing medium reached the maximum sealing rates of 40.30% and 91.48%, respectively. When poly(MM-EM-BM) enters the core nanopore joint for a certain distance under formation pressure, a tight sealing layer will be formed to effectively prevent the entry of filtrate. Poly(MM-EM-BM) as a potential oil-based nanosealing agent is expected to solve the problem caused by wellbore instability in shale horizontal wells.

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“…With the depletion of conventional natural gas, shale gas, as an important unconventional gas, is receiving increasing attention. , Shale gas exploration and development, mainly in the Sichuan basin, will be the main force for future shale gas production growth in China. − The shale reservoir is characterized by low permeability and strong adsorption, and microfractures are developed, the formation is easily fractured, and the clay mineral content is high and water-sensitive. , Oil-based drilling fluids are natural inhibitors. Oil-based drilling fluids are highly resistant to contamination and have good lubricity, so they are commonly used for drilling long horizontal section shale gas wells. , As the complexity of drilling encountered formations increases, oil-based drilling fluids can still lead to severe well wall collapse for hard, brittle, and fractured formations with developed laminae and microfractures, − despite their natural inhibition, due to the fact that the intrusion of filtrate can easily make the formation unstable, in addition to the transmission of hydraulic pressure through microfractures, which can also lead to well wall destabilization. − Therefore, it is the focus of scholars’ research to strengthen the oil-based drilling fluid to seal the nanoporous seam, improve the stability of the well wall, and maintain the stable performance of the drilling fluid. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oil-based drilling fluids are highly resistant to contamination and have good lubricity, so they are commonly used for drilling long horizontal section shale gas wells. 9 , 10 As the complexity of drilling encountered formations increases, oil-based drilling fluids can still lead to severe well wall collapse for hard, brittle, and fractured formations with developed laminae and microfractures, 11 − 14 despite their natural inhibition, due to the fact that the intrusion of filtrate can easily make the formation unstable, in addition to the transmission of hydraulic pressure through microfractures, which can also lead to well wall destabilization. 15 − 19 Therefore, it is the focus of scholars’ research to strengthen the oil-based drilling fluid to seal the nanoporous seam, improve the stability of the well wall, and maintain the stable performance of the drilling fluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of the Oil-Based Nanoblocker Poly(MMA–BMA–BA–St) and the Study of the Blocking Mechanism

Wang

Chen

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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Well wall instability is one of the problems that seriously affect the efficiency of oil and gas drilling and extraction, and the economic losses caused by accidents due to well wall instability amount to billions of dollars every year. Aiming at the fact that well wall stabilization is the current technical difficulty of drilling shale gas horizontal wells with oil-based drilling fluids, the oil-based nanoplugging agent poly(MMA−BMA−BA−St) was synthesized by the Michael addition reaction with compounds such as styrene, methyl methacrylate, and butyl methacrylate as raw materials. The structure and characteristics of the oil-based nanoblocker poly(MMA− BMA−BA−St) were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, particle size analysis, and thermal weight loss analysis. The particle size distribution of poly(MMA−BMA− BA−St) is 80.56−206.61 nm, with an average particle size of 137.10 nm, and it can resist the high temperature of 372 °C. The effects of poly(MMA−BMA−BA−St) on the performance parameters of oil-based drilling fluids were investigated by rheological experiments, electrical stability tests, and HTHP filtration loss experiments. The results show that when poly(MMA− BMA−BA−St) is added at 0.5 wt %, it has less influence on the rheological parameters of drilling fluids, the breaking emulsion pressure remains basically unchanged, the stability of the drilling fluid is better, the dynamic-plastic ratio of the drilling fluid is higher than 0.27, the filtration loss is the lowest, and it shows good rock-carrying properties. The results of mud cake experiments and artificial lithology experiments show that poly(MMA−BMA−BA−St) has the best sealing effect, with a mud cake permeability of 1.12 × 10 −4 mD and a sealing rate of 30.00% when added at 0.5 wt %; the artificial core permeability was 4.0 × 10 −4 mD, and the sealing rate was 91.23%. Poly(MMA−BMA−BA−St) showed good sealing performance. The oil-based nanoplugging agent poly(MMA−BMA−BA−St) has good dispersion in oil-based drilling fluids and can enter the nanopore joints to form a dense plugging layer under the action of formation pressure to prevent the intrusion of drilling fluids, thus reducing the impact of drilling fluids on the formation, maintaining the stability of the well wall and reducing downhole complications.

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Experimental Investigation of the Rheological Behavior of an Oil-Based Drilling Fluid with Rheology Modifier and Oil Wetter Additives

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

Plugging efficiency of flaky and fibrous lost circulation materials in different carrier fluid systems

Plugging efficiency of flaky and fibrous lost circulation materials in different carrier fluid systems

Investigation of Poly(MM-EM-BM) as Nanosealing Materials in Oil-Based Drilling Fluids: Synthesis and Evaluation

Synthesis of the Oil-Based Nanoblocker Poly(MMA–BMA–BA–St) and the Study of the Blocking Mechanism

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