Experimental Efficiency Analysis of a Photovoltaic System with Different Module Technologies under Temperate Climate Conditions

Gulkowski, S.; Zdyb, Agata; Dragan, Piotr

doi:10.3390/app9010141

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Wider band gap materials (1.7-1.9 eV for a-Si [20,21], 1.45-1.5 eV for CdTe [22], 1.04-1.68 for CIGS [23]) are more resistant to the temperature growth; thus, their temperature coefficient is lower than for narrow bandgap polycrystalline silicon (pc-Si) (1.1 eV). The influence of the temperature on the performance of PV modules is visible well in the investigations conducted before, under the temperate climate of Poland [24], where significant differences between summer and winter conditions are observed. The role of temperature and other climate elements is an important issue but the quality of devices comprising the whole PV system also significantly influence the final performance of the installation.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Performance Assessment of Four Different Photovoltaic Technologies in Poland

Zdyb

Gulkowski

2020

Energies

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Due to the observed increase of photovoltaic installations capacity in Poland, the research on the performance of different modules became an important issue from the practical and scientific point of view. This paper is intended to help system planners to choose photovoltaic modules and inverters taking into account the actual operating conditions. The study is devoted to the assessment of four different technologies of photovoltaic modules: polycrystalline silicon (pc-Si), amorphous silicon (a-Si), copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), and cadmium telluride (CdTe). The data was collected at a solar plant located at high latitude location, in the eastern part of Poland, during the fourth year of the plant operation. The influence of irradiance on the temperature and efficiency of modules was studied. The results show that the efficiency of the pc-Si and CIGS modules decreases with rising temperature; however, the efficiency of the a-Si and CdTe modules is more stable. The impact of changing external conditions on the inverter efficiency as well as array and system losses during various seasons of the year was shown. The inverter efficiency reaches up to 98% in summer and drops as low as 30% in winter. Small average array capture losses of 7.41 (kWh/kWp)/month (0.25 h/day) are observed for the CIGS and 10.4 (kWh/kWp)/month (0.35 h/day) for pc-Si modules. The a-Si and CdTe array losses are higher, up to 2.83 h/day for CdTe in summer. The results indicate high annual energy yields of the pc-Si and CIGS modules, 1130 kWh/kWp and 1140 kWh/kWp, respectively. This research provided new data on pc-Si and especially the performance of the thin film modules and losses in a photovoltaic installation under temperate climate.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Performance Assessment of Four Different Photovoltaic Technologies in Poland

Zdyb

Gulkowski

2020

Energies

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“…Nevertheless, in recent years the share of photovoltaic installations in the national RES balance in Poland has been increasing. Further development of this part of the renewable energy sector is associated, inter alia, with a reduction in the costs of installations and with new technical solutions [55,56].…”

Section: The Use and Substitution Of Energy Carriers In Poland With Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Renewable Energy Sources in the Context of Threats Resulting from Low-Altitude Emissions in Rural Areas in Poland: A Review

Piwowar

Dzikuć

2019

Energies

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The process of transformation of the Polish economy, traditionally based on coal, into an economy that uses low-carbon technologies, faces a problem associated with the diversification of energy sources, especially in rural areas. The scale of the use of conventional energy carriers in households located in rural areas in Poland has a very negative impact on the natural environment. The aim of the paper is to indicate possibilities of reducing low-altitude emissions (with emitters not exceeding 40 m in height) in rural areas in Poland, through the development of renewable energy sources. This paper provides an overview of the specific character of rural areas in Poland and the development challenges faced in these areas in the investigated scope. In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy efficiency, it is necessary to dynamize pro-ecological activities in agriculture and in rural areas, including the development of agricultural biogas plants, wind and photovoltaic farms. The use of renewable energy sources can be an important factor in the development and sustainable growth of rural areas in Poland.

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“…Gulkowski et al [12] carried out a comparative analysis of energy production by a grid-connected experimental PV system composed of various technology modules, which operates in the temperate-climate meteorological conditions of eastern Poland, for the year 2015. The study revealed that the copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) technology demonstrated the highest energy production and performance ratio, as well as the lowest observed temperature-related losses.…”

Section: Performance Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%