Experimental data on the characterization of hydroxyapatite synthesized from biowastes

Suleiman

et al. 2021

Preprint

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) has been found to be incompetent as it relates to its mechanical integrity, which somewhat restricts its use for load bearing clinical applications. In this study, synthesis and Taguchi grey relational analysis were conducted in the fabrication of mechanically enhanced HAp scaffold for load bearing application. The XRD and FTIR of raw cow bones (RB) and HAp sintered at 900, 1000, and 1100 oC show calcium phosphate contents of the bulk materials. It was also observed that increase in sintering temperature made prominent characteristic peaks of HAp phase to become narrower on the XRD patterns. Taguchi design analysis on the individual hardness and compressive strength revealed 1100 oC as the optimal sintering temperature, but a disparity in compaction load displaying 5 KN for high hardness and 15 K for high compressive strength. Conversely, Taguchi-grey relational analysis gave a common optimal processing parameter levels for high hardness and compressive strength to produce mechanically enhanced HAp scaffold, and are 1100 oC sintering temperature and 5 KN compaction load. Significantly, this study revealed that compaction load has a very high percentage of contribution of 90.15% compared to sintering temperature having a contribution of 7.79%. Confirmation analysis also proved that the experimental grey relational grade of 0.7824 is within 95% confidence interval.

Section: Rb and Hap Characterization Analysissupporting

confidence: 93%

Fabrication of Mechanically Enhanced Hydroxyapatite Scaffold With the Assistance of Numerical Analysis

Suleiman

et al. 2021

Preprint

“…Also, HA is biocompatible i.e. it is non-toxic, non-inflammatory and enhanced immunologic responses [2][3][4][5]. In recent studies, HA has been derived from natural sources [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taguchi grey relational analysis on the mechanical properties of natural hydroxyapatite: effect of sintering parameters

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

2021

Our previous study have reported synthesis and mechanical properties of natural hydroxyapatite (HA), but optimization of the measured hardness and compressive strength has not been examined. This paper presents optimization of mechanical characteristics (hardness and compressive strength), using Taguchi-grey relational analysis design. In the design, three factors with mixed levels (2 and 3) is employed with the consideration of sintering parameters (0 and 500 Pa compaction pressure, and 900, 1000 and 1100 o C sintering temperature), reported in the previous study. The orthogonal array L18 having 18 rows corresponding to the number of tests and the required columns was selected. Results obtained shows that HA with good hardness and compressive strength is feasible with less or no compaction pressure sintering parameter. An optimum grey relational grade (GRG) of the synthesized HA is 0.7171 and has experimental value within 95% confidence interval.The optimal sintering parameters are gotten to be 500Pa compaction pressure and 1100 o C sintering temperature. Result shows that sintering temperature having 99.90 percentage of contribution is the most significant factor, while compaction pressure and error are insignificant on the overall hardness and compressive strength of the synthesized HA.

“…The spectra of the mineralized scaffolds ( Figure 3 B) show the phosphate bands at around 1015 cm −1 , indicating the vibrational stretching of PO 4 3− groups. In addition, the bands at around 560 and 600 cm −1 correspond to the deformational vibration that stands out related to phosphate salts formation, among them, hydroxyapatite [ 26 ], which is the target calcium phosphate form. The mineralized samples with 30% mangosteen (C30P25 and C30P37) do not show a distinctive 1015 cm −1 band, which might be due to interference of the high amount of extract.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralization of Phosphorylated Fish Skin Collagen/Mangosteen Scaffolds as Potential Materials for Bone Tissue Regeneration

et al. 2021

In this study, a potential hard tissue substitute was mimicked using collagen/mangosteen porous scaffolds. Collagen was extracted from Tilapia fish skin and mangosteen from the waste peel of the respective fruit. Sodium trimetaphosphate was used for the phosphorylation of these scaffolds to improve the nucleation sites for the mineralization process. Phosphate groups were incorporated in the collagen structure as confirmed by their attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) bands. The phosphorylation and mangosteen addition increased the thermal stability of the collagen triple helix structure, as demonstrated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TGA) characterizations. Mineralization was successfully achieved, and the presence of calcium phosphate was visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Nevertheless, the porous structure was maintained, which is an essential characteristic for the desired application. The deposited mineral was amorphous calcium phosphate, as confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) results.