Taguchi grey relational analysis on the mechanical properties of natural hydroxyapatite: effect of sintering parameters

Abstract

Our previous study have reported synthesis and mechanical properties of natural hydroxyapatite (HA), but optimization of the measured hardness and compressive strength has not been examined. This paper presents optimization of mechanical characteristics (hardness and compressive strength), using Taguchi-grey relational analysis design. In the design, three factors with mixed levels (2 and 3) is employed with the consideration of sintering parameters (0 and 500 Pa compaction pressure, and 900, 1000 and 1100 o C sintering temperature), reported in the previous study. The orthogonal array L18 having 18 rows corresponding to the number of tests and the required columns was selected. Results obtained shows that HA with good hardness and compressive strength is feasible with less or no compaction pressure sintering parameter. An optimum grey relational grade (GRG) of the synthesized HA is 0.7171 and has experimental value within 95% confidence interval.The optimal sintering parameters are gotten to be 500Pa compaction pressure and 1100 o C sintering temperature. Result shows that sintering temperature having 99.90 percentage of contribution is the most significant factor, while compaction pressure and error are insignificant on the overall hardness and compressive strength of the synthesized HA.

Taguchi Grey Relational Optimization of the Multi-mechanical Characteristics of Kaolin Reinforced Hydroxyapatite: Effect of Fabrication Parameters

“…Therefore, if 𝑉 𝑒 = 0.001372; 𝑓 𝑒 = 7; DOF of all the control factors is 4; R is 1; N is 36; α= 0.5 under 95% confidence interval (CI), then 𝐹 0.5 (1,7) = 5.59 based on the F-statistical table . Consequently, 𝜂 𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 36 1+4 = 7.2 and 𝐶𝐼 = √5.59 × 0.001372 [ 1 7.2 + 1 1 ] = ±0.0935. 95% of confidence interval for the optimal grey relational grade predicted is given in Equation 8 (Abifarin, 2021), The CI findings showed that the experimental GRG value of 0.6911 correlates with the predicted optimal GRG value. This affirms the efficacy of the optimal fabrication parameters on the multimechanical characteristics of kaolin reinforced hydroxyapatite.…”

“…The corresponding experimental hardness, compressive strength and resultant grey relational grade were analyzed using Taguchi on Minitab. The steps for generating the resultant grey relational grade for the experimental mechanical properties are shown in section 2.2, and are similar to the work of Abifarin (2021) and Awodi et al (2021). All the plotted graphs were obtained using Minitab.…”

“…After determining the optimal fabrication parameters, its predicted grey relational grade was computed as 0.6911 using Table 5 and Equation 5 (Ross, 1996;Abifarin, 2021;Abifarin et al, 2021).…”

“…To investigate the authenticity of the predicted response and experimental response, confidence interval (CI) was calculated using Equation 6 (Taguchi & Phadke, 1989;Abifarin, 2021;Awodi et al, 2021):…”

Critical Factors in Process Quality of Engineering Construction Projects during Building Design Phase

“…Grey System Theory was established by Professor Deng in 1982, and since then, it has seen its application in a wide range of areas, e.g., healthcare (Aydemir & Sahin, 2019;Quartey-Papafio et al, 2019), environmental sustainability (Shahzad et al, 2020), supply chain (Diba & Xie, 2019;Mahmoudi et al, 2021a;2021b), tourism (Javed et al, 2020a) energy and emissions (Ofosu-Adarkwa et al, 2020;Du et al, 2019;Xie et al, 2020), information systems (Esangbedo et al, 2021), engineering (Abifarin et al, 2021), economics (Camelia, 2015), etc. Also, it has seen applications in project management Mahmoudi et al, 2020; Studies have reported that Grey System Theory based models are particularly useful when data is small or insufficient (Javed et al, 2020b), as is the case in the current study.…”