Experimental and numerical analysis of transient behavior during grind-hardening of AISI 52100

Foeckerer, Tobias; Kolkwitz, B.; Heinzel, Carsten; Zaeh, Michael F.

doi:10.1007/s11740-012-0414-6

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Chryssolouris G and Salonitis K [12][13][14][15][16] et al studied the in uence of grinding wheel and cooling of the hardened layer. Foeckerer T and Nguyen T [17,18] et al found that the grinding wheel wear and selfsharpening effect will affect the tangential grinding force, and the grinding pass increases, the grinding force also increases rapidly. Zhang Y [19,20] et al found that grinding heat would cause workpiece deformation, thus reducing the uniformity of the hardened layer, and a method of changing grinding depth is proposed to improve the uniformity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the time discrepancy (TD) between the first grinding wheel cut-out and the second cut-in of two-pass grinding on the hardened layer

Zhao

Liu

2023

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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In this paper, grind-hardening experiment on nodular cast iron QT400 was done with a surface grinder.The effects of the time discrepancy(TD) between the rst cut-out of the grinding wheel and the second cut-in of the two-pass grinding on the grinding force, microstructure, micro-hardness and uniformity of the hardened layer depth were studied. Then, by using the measured tangential grinding force, the simulation model of grinding temperature eld is established. We concluded that, with the same grinding parameters, increasing TD can reduce micro-hardness and harden layer depth, but the uniformity of the hardened layer increases. However, the change of TD has no noticeable in uence on the grinding force and microstructure of the hardened layer. The simulation results show that with the same grinding parameters, reducing the TD can increase the temperature of the workpiece in the second grinding. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results, and the relative error of the hardened layer depth is 9%. Under the consistent grinding parameters, when TD =6s, the hardened layer depth is moderate and its uniformity is good.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the time discrepancy (TD) between the first grinding wheel cut-out and the second cut-in of two-pass grinding on the hardened layer

Zhao

Liu

2023

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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“…This is due to the fact that the thickness of the martensitic surface layer depends on the specific grinding power, the heat partition into the workpiece, and the duration of the material removal process as discussed by Zäh et al [10]. Therefore, finite-element-(FE-)based simulations were developed, aiming at a deeper understanding of the thermo-metallurgical and thermo-mechanical effects on the workpiece material during the grind-hardening process and to predict the resulting surface hardening depths [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between Thermal Loads during Grind-Hardening and Material Modifications Using the Concept of Process Signatures

Kolkwitz

Kohls

Heinzel

et al. 2018

JMMP

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During the process of grind-hardening, the dissipated heat from the process is utilized for a surface layer hardening of machined components made of steel. A martensitic phase transformation occurs within the affected subsurface regions and compressive residual stresses are induced. However, the layout of a grind-hardening process for given hardness results (material modification) is very difficult. Thus, a series of extensive experimental tests is required. To reduce this experimental effort, the newly developed concept of Process Signatures is used to describe the material modifications based on the thermal load appearing during the grind-hardening process. Based on an analytical calculation of the temperature fields during the grind-hardening process (surface-and external-cylindrical-grind-hardening), the internal thermal load was characterized by the maximum contact zone temperature and the maximum temperature gradient at the surface and was correlated with the process quantities (heat flux to the workpiece and the contact time).Metallographic investigations were used to analyze the surface hardening depth and the hardness change at the surface, which were correlated with the quantities describing the internal material loads. The results show that the surface hardening depth was mainly governed by the maximum contact zone temperature and the maximum temperature gradient at the surface, whereas the hardness change at the surface was influenced additionally by the quenching time.

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“…The main parameters governing the occurrence of phase transformation were the Peclet number and the heat transfer coefficient. Mao et al (2011) and Fockerer et al (2012) experimentally analyzed the affected layers of AISI 52100 steel formed during grinding and investigated the formation mechanism and properties at different grinding conditions. Phase transformation as well as retained austenite and white layer were formed below the nominal phase transformation temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material phase transformation at high heating rate during grinding

Zhou

Steven

2016

Machining Science and Technology

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The modeling of maraging steel phase transformation in grinding process is presented in this article. Specifically, heating rate and contact zone temperature are examined to quantitatively link material properties, wheel topography characteristics and process parameters to the kinetics of diffusion-controlled transformation and diffusionless transformation. Physics-based modeling and prediction for the volume fractions of phase transformation in continuous heating under anisothermal conditions are developed based upon the addition of volume fractions in sequential segmented isothermal processes of grinding. The predictive model is validated by 18Ni (250) maraging steel grinding experiments, X-ray diffraction measurements and regression analyses.Results are compared to the model predicted of martensite and ferrite phase volume fractions after grinding. The physics-based model is experimentally validated as viable to predict the occurrence and extent of phase transformation related to material properties, wheel topography and grinding thermal-mechanical loading. Finally, correlation analysis is used to quantify the importance of the input variables to both model-predicted and X-ray diffraction measured phase transformation results.

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Experimental and numerical analysis of transient behavior during grind-hardening of AISI 52100

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Influence of the time discrepancy (TD) between the first grinding wheel cut-out and the second cut-in of two-pass grinding on the hardened layer

Influence of the time discrepancy (TD) between the first grinding wheel cut-out and the second cut-in of two-pass grinding on the hardened layer

Correlations between Thermal Loads during Grind-Hardening and Material Modifications Using the Concept of Process Signatures

Material phase transformation at high heating rate during grinding

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