Expected years of life lost for six potentially preventable cancers in the United States

Liu, Pang-Hsiang; Wang, Jung‐Der; Keating, Nancy L.

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.02.003

Cited by 50 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Higher life expectancy in women can partly explain this difference, but higher percentage of cancer death in women aged <60 compared with men of the same age range (32.4% versus 26.3%) shows that women experience cancer and death at younger ages. This difference is observed in other similar studies (Liu et al, 2013;Brustugun et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Expected Years of Life Lost Due to Adult Cancer Mortality in Yazd (2004-2010)

Mehrara¹,

Mirzadeh²,

Mirzaei³

2016

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Despite achievements in controlling and preventing infectious diseases in recent decades, the incidence of chronic diseases, especially cancer, follows an increasing trend due to aging of populations, changes in lifestyle, increased smoking, immobility, and poor diet, which will double the burden of the disease (Etemadi et al., 2008;Thun et al., 2010;Keyghobadi et al., 2015;Zahedi et al., 2015). Therefore, studies on the incidence of cancer and cancer-induced mortalities in different geographical areas with different cultures can help in identification of factors affecting the incidence of cancer.A total of 14.9 million new cases and 8.2 million deaths from cancer occurred in 2013, and 196.3 million Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) of people's life was lost. Developing countries contribute to 62% of cancer-induced mortalities and 70% of years of life lost (YLL) (Lozano et al., 2012;Fitzmaurice et al., 2015). Cancer is the second and the third cause of death in developed countries and the world, respectively. Despite improved preventive measures and the development of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, it has rised by more AbstractThe number of deaths is often measured to monitor the population health status and priority of health problems. However, number of years of life lost (YLL) is a more appropriate indicator in some cases. We have calculated the YLL of adult cancers and its trend over the past few years in Yazd to provide planners with baseline data. Data obtained from death registration system were used to calculate the YLL, based on each individual's age at death, and the standardized expected YLL method was applied with a discount rate of 0.03, an age weight of 0.04, and a correction factor of 0.165. All data were analyzed and prepared in Epi6 and Excel 2007. A total of 3,850 death records were analyzed. Some 550 patients in Yazd province aged ≥20 die annually due to cancer (male: female ratio 1.3). The average ages at death in lung, CNS, breast cancer and leukemia cases were 68.5, 59, 58.7 and 61, respectively. The age group of 40-59 with 21 % had the highest cancer mortality percentage. Premature cancer deaths have caused 40,753 YLL (5,823 YLL annually). Females lose on average more life years to cancer than do men (11.6 vs 9.8 years). Lung cancer (12.1%), CNS tumors (11.7%) and leukemia (11.4 %) were the leading causes terms of YLL due to all cancers in both sexes. From 2004 to 2010, cancer-caused YLL as a fraction of all YLL increased from 12.8 to 15.2 %. This study can help in the assessment of health care needs and prioritization. Cancer is the major cause of deaths and the trend is increasing. The use of YLLs is a better index for measurement of premature mortality for ranking of diseases than is death counts. Longer periods of observation will make these trends more robust and will help to evaluate and develop, better public health interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Expected Years of Life Lost Due to Adult Cancer Mortality in Yazd (2004-2010)

Mehrara¹,

Mirzadeh²,

Mirzaei³

2016

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…One advantage the flexible parametric method has over that described by Liu et al [10] is that it is readily implemented using existing routines [7,17] available in standard statistical software such as Stata (Statacorp, College Station, Texas 77845 USA), thus enabling access to a large suite of post-estimation and visualization options.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By the use of a relative survival approach, the LOLE is not dependent on accurate cause of death information and additionally provides estimates of the loss in expectation of life for an entire cohort diagnosed with a specific cancer compared to the general population, irrespective of whether they died from that cancer. Although the specific methods differ, there are similarities between this approach and that developed by Hwang and Wang [8,9] and applied recently [10], in that they both take background mortality information into account for extrapolation of survival beyond the end of follow-up.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatment for cancer usually occurs soon after diagnosis, so the impact that earlier diagnosis or treatment may have on loss of life expectancy would occur closer to the time of diagnosis rather than the time of death. Therefore, by reporting estimates of life expectancy according to diagnostic period, not mortality period, we provide a more realistic and transparent picture of the contemporariness and relevance of the results.The rationale behind this approach of calculating remaining life expectancy following a cancer diagnosis is similar to that proposed by Liu et al[10] who used a semiparametric extrapolation method on annual life tables in the USA to calculate expected years of life lost (EYLL), similar in meaning to our LOLE measure. Across a similar time period (1992-2005 vs 1990-2000) but with a shorter follow-up (2006 vs 2010), Liu et al found similar, but generally lower, estimates of EYLL for Americans to our results in LOLE for Australians with lung cancer (EYLL = 13.8 years vs LOLE = 14.3 years), colorectal cancer (6.5 vs 7.2), female breast cancer (6.3 vs 6.7) and prostate cancer (1.8 vs 2.9).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Temporal changes in loss of life expectancy due to cancer in Australia: a flexible parametric approach

Baade

Youlden

Andersson

et al. 2016

Cancer Causes Control

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“…In the state of Rio Grande do Norte, it may be noted that they also increased over the years studied . A study conducted in the United States with the objective of quantifying the YPLL for six cancer types (lung, colon and rectum, liver, breast, cervical, and prostate), when considering the annual incidence in 2012, found that breast cancer would be the second largest cause of loss YPLL (1420 mil years) (Liu et al, 2013). In the present study, there was a loss of 125.075 and 91.625 of YPLL due breast and cervical cancer, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%