Expandable Polymer Assisted Wearable Personalized Medicinal Platform

Babatain, Wedyan; Gümüş, Abdurrahman; Wicaksono, Irmandy; Büttner, U.; El‐Atab, Nazek; Rehman, Mutee Ur; Qaiser, Nadeem; Castells-Rufas, David; Hussain, Muhammad Mustafa

doi:10.1002/admt.202000411

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[ 1–10 ] With advancements in personalized healthcare systems, researchers are focusing on the development of state‐of‐the‐art flexible wearable electronic devices that can monitor human motion, perform sweat analysis, record blood pressure, and deliver drugs into the human tissue, e.g., for insulin therapy. [ 11–20 ] An important feature of a wearable personalized healthcare system is point‐of‐care (POC) testing. [ 21 ] POC testing provides immediate results compared to clinical laboratories, which have long waiting times that could delay drug‐related decision‐making.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Robust Wearable Point‐of‐Care CNT‐Based Strain Sensor for Wirelessly Monitoring Throat‐Related Illnesses

Qaiser

Al‐Modaf

Khan

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Point-of-care testing (POC) has the ability to detect chronic and infectious diseases early or at the time of occurrence and provide a state-of-the-art personalized healthcare system. Recently, wearable and flexible sensors have been employed to analyze sweat, glucose, blood, and human skin conditions. However, a flexible sensing system that allows for the real-time monitoring of throat-related illnesses, such as salivary parotid gland swelling caused by flu and mumps, is necessary. Here, for the first time, a wearable, highly flexible, and stretchable piezoresistive sensing patch based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is reported, which can record muscle expansion or relaxation in real-time, and thus act as a next-generation POC sensor. The patch offers an excellent gauge factor for in-plane stretching and spatial expansion with low hysteresis. The actual extent of muscle expansion is calculated and the gauge factor for applications entailing volumetric deformations is redefined. Additionally, a bluetooth-low-energy system that tracks muscle activity in real-time and transmits the output signals wirelessly to a smartphone app is utilized. Numerical calculations verify that the low stress and strain lead to excellent mechanical reliability and repeatability. Finally, a dummy muscle is inflated using a pneumatic-based actuator to demonstrate the application of the affixed wearable next-generation POC sensor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Robust Wearable Point‐of‐Care CNT‐Based Strain Sensor for Wirelessly Monitoring Throat‐Related Illnesses

Qaiser

Al‐Modaf

Khan

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Future improvements of the developed platform include expanding the type of epidermal sensors incorporated into the platform to biochemical sensors in addition to the physical sensors in order to reflect a more accurate and comprehensive health status of the body for healthcare diagnostics and treatments . Additionally, incorporating actuating units such as drug delivery apparatus to enable a closed-loop interactive theragnostic platform is desired . A desired future task is the development of a battery-free compliant version of the platform by incorporating energy harvesting units. , As the fabrication techniques improve, miniaturization of the current platform would be desired in order to improve the overall performance of the sensing elements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…49 Additionally, incorporating actuating units such as drug delivery apparatus to enable a closed-loop interactive theragnostic platform is desired. 3 A desired future task is the development of a battery-free compliant version of the platform by incorporating energy harvesting units. 50,51 As the fabrication techniques improve, miniaturization of the current platform would be desired in order to improve the overall performance of the sensing elements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional wearable motion devices are inflexible in nature, making them unsuitable for seamless integration with the human body. To address the mechanical mismatch between rigid electronics and living tissues, many researchers have dedicated their recent work to the development of physically compliant wearable devices utilizing emerging materials to enable reliable monitoring of health data and seamless soft human–machine interfaces while taking users’ comfort into account. − Physical motion/activity monitoring is one of the important health biomarkers that can provide information about the musculoskeletal system status, gait, locomotion, body spatial orientation, motor-function assessment, and human–robot interactions. Additionally, motion monitoring provides much-needed contextualization to the data collected by other epidermal health sensors such as temperature, humidity, respiration, and heart rate.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Graphene and Liquid Metal Integrated Multifunctional Wearable Platform for Monitoring Motion and Human–Machine Interfacing

et al. 2022

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Motion sensors are an essential component of many electronic systems. However, the development of inertial motion sensors based on fatigue-free soft proof mass has not been explored extensively in the field of soft electronics. Nontoxic gallium-based liquid metals are an emerging class of material that exhibit attractive electromechanical properties, making them excellent proof mass materials for inertial sensors. Here, we propose and demonstrate a fully soft laser-induced graphene (LIG) and liquid metal-based inertial sensor integrated with temperature, humidity, and breathing sensors. The inertial sensor design confines a graphene-coated liquid metal droplet inside a fluidic channel, rolling over LIG resistive electrode. The proposed sensor architecture and material realize a highly mobile proof mass and a vibrational space for its oscillation. The inertial sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 6.52% m −1 s 2 and excellent repeatability (over 12 500 cycles). The platform is fabricated using a scalable, rapid laser writing technique and integrated with a programmable system on a chip (PSoC) to function as a standalone system for real-time wireless monitoring of movement patterns and the control of a robotic arm. The developed printed inertial platform is an excellent candidate for the next-generation of wearables motion tracking platforms and soft human− machine interfaces.

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“…Based on their uniform heating behavior, deformable heaters are regarded as the next-generation electronic heating devices, which provide new possibilities to healthcare and personal thermal management. [162] For example, Zhou and co-workers [72] developed a stretchable electrothermal heater by using composites of PEDOT: PSS, elastomeric waterborne polyurethane (WPU), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The temperature uniformity was improved by mixing rGO into the PEDOT: PSS /WPU blends due to carbon-based materials' higher thermal conductivity.…”

Section: Medical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Construction of Deformable Heaters: Materials, Structure, and Applications

Zhou

2021

Adv Elect Materials

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The technological evolution presents us with infinite possibilities of deformable electronics, far beyond what is possible with conventional electronics. [9][10][11][12] For the past few years, heaters' development has grown rapidly due to wearable electronics' advances and the growing need for practical medical requirements. [13][14][15] The advantages of heaters, such as lightweight, good heating stability, and flexibility, make heaters generally a better choice than conventional heating elements. Various heaters applications have been reported, including deicing devices [16][17][18][19][20] , thermal management devices [21][22][23][24][25] , healthcare [26][27][28][29] , wearable sensors [30][31][32] , etc. For instance, heaters can provide the warmth required to extend the operating temperature of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in cold environments or can increase the temperature for antifogging systems, anti-icing, deicing of optics, or optical displays [33,34] .Conventional rigid heaters are usually using semiconductor or metallic materials as the heating elements, which have demonstrated stable and excellent performance. For example, Rao and co-workers [35] fabricated a transparent heater by physically depositing Au on a quartz substrate and using an acrylic resin as a crack sacrificial template. It is a transparent conductor with a low sheet resistance of 5.4 Ω sq −1 and a high-temperature heater that can reach ≈600 °C within 38 s by applying a voltage of 15 V. However, the heater is restricted in many applications with portable needs, such as human motion detection, wearable electronics, etc., due to the rigid and thick quartz substrate.As shown in Figure 1a, conventional heaters always consist of a heating element and rigid substrate, and the working principle of electrical heaters is based on the Joule effect and thermal diffusion. However, inherently rigid substrate limits the applications of conventional heaters [36] . Flexible and stretchable heaters had gained tremendous attention with the advances of soft electronics. [37][38][39] Flexible heaters can adapt to moderate deformation, such as bending and twisting. [40,41] And stretchable heaters have more application scenarios due to their stretchable characteristics. [42,43] In the last few years, deformable heaters have gained rapid development due to their wide strain range, good repeatability and low density. [44] Figure 1b shows different structure designs of deformable heaters. One of the most significant advantages Conventional heaters have evolved from traditional rigid heaters to flexible heaters, stretchable heaters, and deformable heaters for the development of soft electronics. Film-based or filament-based heaters can be designed and engineered to fulfill the deformable, adaptable and stretchable applications. Compared with conventional heaters, deformable heaters can maintain stable electrothermal property even with large deformation. Based on this, deformable heaters have shown great potential to be used in the field of Internet of Thin...

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Expandable Polymer Assisted Wearable Personalized Medicinal Platform

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

A Robust Wearable Point‐of‐Care CNT‐Based Strain Sensor for Wirelessly Monitoring Throat‐Related Illnesses

A Robust Wearable Point‐of‐Care CNT‐Based Strain Sensor for Wirelessly Monitoring Throat‐Related Illnesses

Graphene and Liquid Metal Integrated Multifunctional Wearable Platform for Monitoring Motion and Human–Machine Interfacing

Design and Construction of Deformable Heaters: Materials, Structure, and Applications

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