Exosomes: Multiple-targeted multifunctional biological nanoparticles in the diagnosis, drug delivery, and imaging of cancer cells

Zheng, Yuzhong; Hasan, Anwarul; Babadaei, Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi; Behzadi, Elham; Nouri, Mehran; Sharifi, Majid; Falahati, Mojtaba

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110442

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Due to their specific characteristics, exosomes could be efficiently used as vehicles for the delivery of drugs and other therapeutic agents, particularly exosomes secreted from MSCs and tumor cells, due to their therapeutic potential, and from immune cells, from which exosomes can be economically obtained on a large scale [9,157]. Many studies have already confirmed the use of exosomes as potentially effective nanocarriers for drugs and therapeutic agents [66,127,[158][159][160].…”

Section: Delivery Of Drugs and Therapeutic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes Engineering and Their Roles as Therapy Delivery Tools, Therapeutic Targets, and Biomarkers

Kučuk

Primožič

Knez

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Exosomes are becoming increasingly important therapeutic biomaterials for use in a variety of therapeutic applications due to their unique characteristics, especially due to the ineffectiveness and cytotoxicity of some existing therapies and synthetic therapeutic nanocarriers. They are highly promising as carriers of drugs, genes, and other therapeutic agents that can be incorporated into their interior or onto their surface through various modification techniques to improve their targeting abilities. In addition, they are biocompatible, safe, and stable. The review focuses on different types of exosomes and methods of their preparation, including the incorporation of different kinds of cargo, especially for drug delivery purposes. In particular, their importance and effectiveness as delivery vehicles of various therapeutic agents for a variety of therapeutic applications, including different diseases and disorders such as cancer treatment, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, are emphasized. Administration routes of exosomes into the body are also included. A novelty in the article is the emphasis on global companies that are already successfully developing and testing such therapeutic biomaterials, with a focus on the most influential ones. Moreover, a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the various methods of exosome production is summarized for the first time.

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Section: Delivery Of Drugs and Therapeutic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes Engineering and Their Roles as Therapy Delivery Tools, Therapeutic Targets, and Biomarkers

Kučuk

Primožič

Knez

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…The existence of CD47 on the exosome surface mediates the “do not eat me” signal and helps them to evade internalization into the target cells ( Kamerkar et al, 2017 ). CD47 also has an essential function to increase exosome transit time in the biofluids and blood ( Zheng et al, 2020 ). Unlike the internalization pathway, the receptor/ligand interaction relies on the specific binding of ICAM-1 at the exosome surface with the LFA-1 receptor on the target cell plasma membrane ( Segura et al, 2005 ).…”

Section: Exosome Biogenesis and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Examination of the Putative Role of Melatonin in Exosome Biogenesis

Amini

Rezabakhsh

Heidarzadeh

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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During the last two decades, melatonin has been found to have pleiotropic effects via different mechanisms on its target cells. Data are abundant for some aspects of the signaling pathways within cells while other casual mechanisms have not been adequately addressed. From an evolutionary perspective, eukaryotic cells are equipped with a set of interrelated endomembrane systems consisting of intracellular organelles and secretory vesicles. Of these, exosomes are touted as cargo-laden secretory vesicles that originate from the endosomal multivesicular machinery which participate in a mutual cross-talk at different cellular interfaces. It has been documented that cells transfer various biomolecules and genetic elements through exosomes to sites remote from the original cell in a paracrine manner. Findings related to the molecular mechanisms between melatonin and exosomal biogenesis and cargo sorting are the subject of the current review. The clarification of the interplay between melatonin and exosome biogenesis and cargo sorting at the molecular level will help to define a cell’s secretion capacity. This review precisely addresses the role and potential significance of melatonin in determining the efflux capacity of cells via the exosomal pathway. Certain cells, for example, stem cells actively increase exosome efflux in response to melatonin treatment which accelerates tissue regeneration after transplantation into the injured sites.

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“…They are involved in angiogenesis in cancer progression by transporting pro-angiogenic biomolecules [28]. Exosomes have potential clinical applications as biomarkers and drug carriers in anticancer therapy [29,30] and provide strong potential for imaging of cancer cells [9]. Figure 1 depicts a possible pathway of exosome secretion and internalization in the human body for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.…”

Section: Structure and Function Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inherent structural, biocompatible properties, and post isolation modification of exosomes make them ideally suited as diagnostic carriers with great potential to serve in radiology and diagnostic imaging [8,9]. In this era, a theranostic approach using targeted exosomes has unique promise for personalized treatment of cancer, as both the targeting vehicle and the therapeutic can be tailored to the individual patient [5,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Perspectives on Clinical Use of Exosomes as a Personalized Contrast Media and Theranostics

Lorenc

Chrzanowski

Olejarz

2020

Cancers

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An appropriate combination of biomarkers and imaging technologies will become standard practice in the future. Because the incidence of and mortality from cancers is rising, the further study of new approaches for the early detection and precise characterization of tumors is essential. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, prove to have great potential when it comes to diagnosis and targeted therapy. Due to their natural ability to pass through biological barriers, depending on their origin, EVs can accumulate at defined sites, including tumors, preferentially. This manuscript discusses the difficulties and simplicities of processing cell-derived materials, packaging diverse groups of agents in EVs, and activating the biological complex. Developing exosome-based diagnostic techniques to detect disease precisely and early as well as treat disease marks a new era of personalized radiology and nuclear medicine. As circulating drug delivery vehicles for novel therapeutic modalities, EVs offer a new platform for cancer theranostic.

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Exosomes: Multiple-targeted multifunctional biological nanoparticles in the diagnosis, drug delivery, and imaging of cancer cells

Cited by 38 publications

References 118 publications

Exosomes Engineering and Their Roles as Therapy Delivery Tools, Therapeutic Targets, and Biomarkers

Exosomes Engineering and Their Roles as Therapy Delivery Tools, Therapeutic Targets, and Biomarkers

An Examination of the Putative Role of Melatonin in Exosome Biogenesis

Current Perspectives on Clinical Use of Exosomes as a Personalized Contrast Media and Theranostics

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