Exosomes derived from tendon stem cells promote cell proliferation and migration through the TGF β signal pathway

Li, Mingda; Jia, Jie; Li, Shanshan; Cui, Baocheng; Huang, Jiao; Guo, Zhaoming; Ma, Kun; Wang, Li; Cui, Chang-Hao

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.12.057

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Moreover, fibrosis was significantly higher in the TGFβ1-TSCs + fibrinogen group than in the TSCs + fibrinogen group. Our findings are consistent with those of a previous study of TSC-based therapies supplemented with exosomes or extracellular matrix containing TGFβ1 [27,28]. These findings suggest that TGFβ1-TSC therapy may be a candidate for effective tendon healing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

TGFβ1-transfected tendon stem cells promote tendon fibrosis

Xiong²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

J Orthop Surg Res

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Background In aged people, tendon injuries frequently occur during sporting and daily activities. In clinical practice, typical physiotherapeutic, pharmacotherapeutic, and surgical techniques do not result in the full recovery of injured tendons, which may lead to chronic degenerative disease. Methods We first isolated tendon stem cells (TSCs) from rats and transfected them with the TGFβ1 gene, resulting in TGFβ1-TSCs. The proliferation of TSCs was detected using the Cell Counting Kit 8, and TSCs were identified by immunofluorescence analysis and differentiation capacity analysis. Aggrecan, COL2A1, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and p-Smad2 expression levels were detected using western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, a tendon injury model was generated to explore the effect of TGFβ1 on the repair of the tendon by TSCs. Results Compared with fibrinogen treatment, TSC + fibrinogen or TGFβ1-TSC + fibrinogen treatment significantly promoted the fibrosis of injured tendons, as evidenced by histological analyses, with TGFβ1-TSC + fibrinogen having a greater effect than TSC + fibrinogen. In TGFβ1-TSCs, increased expression levels of aggrecan and COL2A1 indicated that TGFβ1 signaling induced chondrogenic differentiation. Meanwhile, the increased collagen and α-SMA protein levels indicated that TGFβ1 promoted fibrogenesis. Additionally, TGFβ1 stimulated the production of phosphorylated Smad2 in TSCs, which suggested that the chondrogenic and fibrogenic differentiation of TSCs, as well as tissue regeneration, may be associated with the TGFβ1/Smad2 pathway. Conclusion TGFβ1-TSC therapy may be a candidate for effective tendon fibrosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

TGFβ1-transfected tendon stem cells promote tendon fibrosis

Xiong²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

J Orthop Surg Res

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“…Another study similarly observed that the TSC-Exo possessed a great amount of TGF-b, and exerted tendon healing properties via a TGF-b dependent pathway. Additionally, they revealed that TGF-b from exosomes activated the TGF b-Smad2/3 signaling pathway and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling pathway of TSCs [ 81 ]. The former pathway can increase the expression of MMP2, and the latter pathway is related to tenocyte proliferation [ 81 ].…”

Section: Exosomes In Tendon and Repair And Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, they revealed that TGF-b from exosomes activated the TGF b-Smad2/3 signaling pathway and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling pathway of TSCs [ 81 ]. The former pathway can increase the expression of MMP2, and the latter pathway is related to tenocyte proliferation [ 81 ]. Liu et al also published the activation of SMAD2/3 signaling by ADSC-Exos in the promotion of tendon healing [ 57 ].…”

Section: Exosomes In Tendon and Repair And Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes in Soft Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Wan

Hussain

Behfar

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Soft tissue defects are common following trauma and tumor extirpation. These injuries can result in poor functional recovery and lead to a diminished quality of life. The healing of skin and muscle is a complex process that, at present, leads to incomplete recovery and scarring. Regenerative medicine may offer the opportunity to improve the healing process and functional outcomes. Barriers to regenerative strategies have included cost, regulatory hurdles, and the need for cell-based therapies. In recent years, exosomes, or extracellular vesicles, have gained tremendous attention in the field of soft tissue repair and regeneration. These nanosized extracellular particles (30–140 nm) can break the cellular boundaries, as well as facilitate intracellular signal delivery in various regenerative physiologic and pathologic processes. Existing studies have established the potential of exosomes in regenerating tendons, skeletal muscles, and peripheral nerves through different mechanisms, including promoting myogenesis, increasing tenocyte differentiation and enhancing neurite outgrowth, and the proliferation of Schwann cells. These exosomes can be stored for immediate use in the operating room, and can be produced cost efficiently. In this article, we critically review the current advances of exosomes in soft tissue (tendons, skeletal muscles, and peripheral nerves) healing. Additionally, new directions for clinical applications in the future will be discussed.

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“…As a result, ADSC-Exos was found to activate the SMAD2/3 and SMAD1/5/9 pathways, promote the proliferation and differentiation of TSCs, and play an important role in inhibiting inflammation. This provides a new approach to the treatment of tendon injuries [ 186 ].…”

Section: Cells That Repair Tendons and Ligamentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional biomaterials for tendon/ligament repair and regeneration

Tang

Wang

Xiang

et al. 2022

Regenerative Biomaterials

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With an increase in life expectancy and the popularity of high-intensity exercise, the frequency of tendon and ligament injuries has also increased. Owing to the specificity of its tissue, the rapid restoration of injured tendons and ligaments is challenging for treatment. This review summarises the latest progress in cells, biomaterials, active molecules, and construction technology in treating tendon/ligament injuries. The characteristics of supports made of different materials and the development and application of different manufacturing methods are discussed. The development of natural polymers, synthetic polymers, and composite materials has boosted the use of scaffolds. In addition, the development of electrospinning and hydrogel technology has diversified the production and treatment of materials. First, this paper briefly introduces the structure, function, and biological characteristics of tendons/ligaments. Then, it summarises the advantages and disadvantages of different materials, such as natural polymer scaffolds, synthetic polymer scaffolds, composite scaffolds, and ECM-derived biological scaffolds, in the application of tendon/ligament regeneration. We then discuss the latest applications of electrospun fiber scaffolds and hydrogels in regeneration engineering. Finally, we discuss the current problems and future directions in the development of biomaterials for restoring damaged tendons and ligaments.

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Exosomes derived from tendon stem cells promote cell proliferation and migration through the TGF β signal pathway

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

TGFβ1-transfected tendon stem cells promote tendon fibrosis

TGFβ1-transfected tendon stem cells promote tendon fibrosis

The Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes in Soft Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Functional biomaterials for tendon/ligament repair and regeneration

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