Exfoliation of Bulk Inorganic Layered Materials into Nanosheets by the Rapid Quenching Method and Their Electrochemical Performance

Chakravarty, Disha; Late, Dattatray J.

doi:10.1002/ejic.201500039

Cited by 37 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Instead of the Faraday process, EDLCs store energy in the bilayer at the interface between the electrode and the electrolyte. Based on the former two, hybrid SCs use both Faradaic and non‐Faradaic processes to store energy; the electrode is critical because the electrode material greatly determines the performance of the SCs . It is important to clarify that SCs are well‐known for their outstanding energy storage properties, such as their outstanding specific capacitance, high power density, fast charge rate, and durability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Some Amorphous Materials for Supercapacitors

Zheng

et al. 2018

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A breakthrough in technologies having "green" and sustainable energy storage conversion is urgent, and supercapacitors play a crucial role in this area of research. Owing to their unique porous structure, amorphous materials are considered one of the best active materials for high-performance supercapacitors due to their high specific capacity, excellent cycling stability, and fast charging rate. This Review summarizes the synthesis of amorphous materials (transition metal oxides, carbon-based materials, transition metal sulfides, phosphates, hydroxides, and their complexes) to highlight their electrochemical performance in supercapacitors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Some Amorphous Materials for Supercapacitors

Zheng

et al. 2018

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“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The field enhancement factor (β) depends upon the geometry of the emitter and the spatial distribution of the emitting centers. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Recently, intense research work has been carried out to explore the use of 2D inorganic nanomaterials as possible field emitters in view of their unique properties as compared to their bulk counterparts, such as large surface to volume ratio, high aspect ratio, possibility of facile surface functionalization, superior emission current stability of the emitter, and perfect crystallinity. This suggests that field emitter materials with elongated morphology and sharp edges/tips can have significantly enhanced FE properties in terms of reduction in the operating voltage and enhancement of the field emission current density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemically Exfoliated Black Phosphorus Nanosheets – Prospective Field Emitters

Erande

Suryawanshi

et al. 2015

Eur J Inorg Chem

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Herein we report field emission (FE) investigations on an electrochemically exfoliated few-layered black phosphorus nanosheet emitter at a base pressure of approximately 1 ϫ 10 -8 mbar. The turn-on electric field required to draw an emission current density of approximately 10 μA/cm 2 is found to be about 4.2 V/μm. Furthermore, few-layered black phosphorus nanosheet emitters deliver an emission current density of about 170 μA/cm 2 at an applied field of about 7.5 V/ CSIR-

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“…Research into new materials for energy storage is at an exciting stage with both new materials and well-known materials showing new physical phenomena [1][2][3][4][5]. Layered materials such as the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are attracting renewed interest for battery applications [6] as a special example of insertion electrode materials that can take advantage of the intercalation mechanism [7,8].…”

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confidence: 99%

In situ TEM observations of the lithiation of molybdenum disulfide

Janish

Carter

2015

Scripta Materialia

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The lithiation of molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) has been directly studied in situ in the TEM by observing specimens with the viewing direction parallel to the basal planes. The MoS 2 lamella was characterized by bright-field imaging during the lithiation, and both selected-area diffraction and high-resolution imaging before and after. An overall expansion of $5% along the c-direction was observed with concurrent local contraction. The contraction can be related to the expulsion of Mo as Li reduces it to form Li 2 S.Research into new materials for energy storage is at an exciting stage with both new materials and well-known materials showing new physical phenomena [1][2][3][4][5]. Layered materials such as the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are attracting renewed interest for battery applications [6] as a special example of insertion electrode materials that can take advantage of the intercalation mechanism [7,8]. Work on the intercalation of alkali metals in TMDCs began in the 1970s [9-13], during which time many fundamental observations were made. For example, it was shown that the sodiated phase of NbSe 2 is orthorhombic with Na atoms occupying the octahedral sites in the van der Waals gap [9], and that the general stoichiometry of a fully-lithiated MX 2 compound (where M is a transition metal, usually in group 4B or 5B, and X is S, Se, or Te) is LiMX 2 except in the case of VSe 2 , which formed Li 2 VSe 2 [10].Although bulk molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) can exist with different structures the 2H (hexagonal) phase is the most stable and is the predominant phase that occurs in nature [14]. The orthorhombic 1T structure is commonly observed after exfoliation, which is achieved by lithiating the MoS 2 and reacting the lithiated material with water [15][16][17]. Transition metal clustering in this phase can lead to 2 Â 1 (1T 0 ), 2 Â 2 (1T 00 ) and other supercell variations [18]. However, if these materials are to be used commercially in batteries it is likely that they will be in the form of sheets that are rather thicker than those formed by the exfoliation process. The present study addresses the lithiation of such practical materials.While considerable understanding of these materials can be achieved by examining specimens after lithiation or after delithiation (i.e. ex situ), observing the same specimens before, during and after lithiation has obvious advantages. In situ TEM is the only technique that allows specific sites on the specimen to be monitored in this way with atomic resolution. The usual geometry used for such studies is to examine the layer materials with the beam normal to the layers since this orientation greatly simplifies specimen preparation (see, e.g., [9]). In the present report, a novel experimental geometry was used such that the electron beam was parallel to the (0 0 0 1) planes. This geometry allowed direct observation of the Li intercalation process, in situ in the TEM. Lamellae of single crystal MoS 2 have been examined in this way; this approach can easily be extended to o...

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Exfoliation of Bulk Inorganic Layered Materials into Nanosheets by the Rapid Quenching Method and Their Electrochemical Performance

Cited by 37 publications

References 51 publications

Recent Progress in Some Amorphous Materials for Supercapacitors

Recent Progress in Some Amorphous Materials for Supercapacitors

Electrochemically Exfoliated Black Phosphorus Nanosheets – Prospective Field Emitters

In situ TEM observations of the lithiation of molybdenum disulfide

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