Exercise training and impaired glucose tolerance in obese humans

McNeilly, Andrea; McClean, Conor; Murphy, Marie; McEneny, Jane; Trinick, Tom; Burke, George; Duly, Ellie; McLaughlin, James; Davison, Gareth W.

doi:10.1080/02640414.2012.671952

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In this study, AT, RT, and AT + RT significantly improved blood glucose after 3 months and blood lipids after 12 months in patients with prediabetes; this effect was potentiated by extension of the intervention time. This was consistent with the results of short‐term (≦3 mo) studies including either AT, RT, or AT + RT; that is, glycaemia (FPG, 2hPG, and HbA 1c ) was significantly improved in patients with prediabetes after 3 months of participating in the exercise programme …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Two‐year‐supervised resistance training prevented diabetes incidence in people with prediabetes: A randomised control trial

Dai

Zhai

Chen

et al. 2019

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Aim: The purpose of this study is to explore the long-term effects of aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), and combined training (AT + RT) on the prevention of T2D incidence in patients with prediabetes. Materials and methods:In this randomised controlled trial, people with prediabetes (fasting glucose ≥5.6 and <7.0 mmol/L and/or 2-h glucose ≥7.8 and <11.1 mmol/L on the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and/or haemoglobin A 1c ≥5.7% and <6.4%) were randomly assigned to the control group, AT group, RT group, or AT + RT group.Supervised exercise programmes, including AT, RT, and AT + RT, were completed for 60 minutes per day, three non-consecutive days per week for 24 months. The primary outcome was the incidence of T2D; secondary outcomes were blood glucose and lipid levels, including total cholesterol (TC) and standard 2-hour oral glucose tolerance (2hPG).Results: A total of 137 (80%) subjects with a mean age of 59 years (45 men, 92 women) entered the final analysis. After 24 months of intervention, the incidences of T2D adjusted by sex and age were significantly decreased by 74% (95% CI, 38-89), 65% (95% CI, 21-85), and 72% (95% CI, 36-87) in the AT + RT, RT, and AT groups compared with the control group (HR: AT + RT 0.26 [95% CI, 0.11-0.62], RT 0.35 [95% CI, 0.15-0.79], and AT 0.28 [95% CI, 0.13-0.64]). The cumulative T2D incidences were significantly lower in the AT + RT, RT, and AT groups than in the control

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Two‐year‐supervised resistance training prevented diabetes incidence in people with prediabetes: A randomised control trial

Dai

Zhai

Chen

et al. 2019

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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“…Is it known the physical exercise decreases glucose levels (Lalanza et al 2012, McNeilly et al 2012. Although the glycemia did not differ in both groups, the physical exercise and/or COS may influence someway to decrease this biomarker.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The effects of coconut oil supplementation on the body composition and lipid profile of rats submitted to physical exercise

Resende

Félix

Soré

et al. 2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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This study aims to verify the effects of coconut oil supplementation (COS) in the body composition and lipid profi le of rats submitted to physical exercise. The animals (n=6 per group) were randomly assigned to: G1=Sedentary and Non-supplemented (Control Group), G2=Sedentary and Supplemented, G3=Exercised and Non-supplemented and G4=Exercised and Supplemented. The COS protocol used was 3 mL/Kg of body mass by gavage for 28 days. The physical exercise was the vertical jumping training for 28 days. It was determined the body mass parameters, Lee Index, blood glucose and lipid profi le. The COS did not interfere with body mass, but the lean body mass was lower in G3 compared to G2. The fi nal Lee Index classifi ed G1 and G2 as obese (>30g/cm). The lipid profi le showed total cholesterol was decreased in G3, LDL-c concentration was decreased in G2, triglycerides, VLDL-c and HDL-c concentrations were increased in G2 and G4 in relation to G1 and G3. The COS decreased LDL-c/HDL-c ratio. In conclusion, the COS associated or not to physical exercise worsen others lipid parameters, like triglycerides and VLDL-c level, showing the care with the use of lipid supplements.

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“…A 12-month supervised exercise training period consisting of aerobic, resistance, and flexibility training reduces some features of oxidative stress independent of changes in body weight [96••], but not systemic lipid peroxidation [97]. In obese individuals with impaired glucose tolerance, 12-weeks of mild aerobic training decreases body mass, percent body fat, and systemic lipid peroxidation and improves insulin sensitivity without affecting SOD [98]. As in insulin-resistant persons, aerobic training in combination with caloric restriction reduces oxidative stress and improves antioxidant capacity in obese glucose-intolerant persons [99].…”

Section: Effects Of Acute and Chronic Exercise On Oxidative Stress Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Janus Head of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Diseases and During Physical Exercise

Pesta

Roden

2017

Curr Diab Rep

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Purpose of ReviewOxidative stress describes an imbalance between production and degradation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage macromolecules. However, ROS may also serve as signaling molecules activating cellular pathways involved in cell proliferation and adaptation. This review describes alterations in metabolic diseases including obesity, insulin resistance, and/or diabetes mellitus as well as responses to acute and chronic physical exercise.Recent FindingsChronic upregulation of oxidative stress associates with the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). While single bouts of exercise can transiently induce oxidative stress, chronic exercise promotes favorable oxidative adaptations with improvements in muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and glucose uptake.SummaryAlthough impaired antioxidant defense fails to scavenge ROS in metabolic diseases, chronic exercising can restore this abnormality. The different metabolic effects are likely due to variability of reactive species and discrepancies in temporal (acute vs. chronic) and local (subcellular distribution) patterns of production.

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Exercise training and impaired glucose tolerance in obese humans

Cited by 20 publications

References 49 publications

Two‐year‐supervised resistance training prevented diabetes incidence in people with prediabetes: A randomised control trial

Two‐year‐supervised resistance training prevented diabetes incidence in people with prediabetes: A randomised control trial

The effects of coconut oil supplementation on the body composition and lipid profile of rats submitted to physical exercise

The Janus Head of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Diseases and During Physical Exercise

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