Exercise and the cytokines-interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α): A review

Vijayaraghava, Ambarish; Doreswamy, Venkatesh

doi:10.23921/amp.2017v1i1.263485

Cited by 10 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We had the same results that combined exercises significantly improve HbA1c. Our results are similar to previous studies in significant reduction in weight and BMI among T2D subjects by using combined exercises [6][7][8] as well as significant elevation of IL-6 [31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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The impact of moderate combination exercise on HbA1c, IL-6, and TNF in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic subjects: an interventional non-randomized clinical trial

Alharbi¹,

Alsubaie²,

Sahota³

et al. 2021

GJMT

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Introduction: The main causes of worldwide increase in prevalence of type 2 diabetes are the daily consumption of excessive number of calories and sedentary lifestyle. Diabetes is usually accompanied by hypertension, lipid disorders and obesity that are considered as risk factors for developing diabetes. This study is designed to assess the benefit of a combined exercise programme (cardio “aerobic” and resistance) on HbA1c and the inflammatory markers (IL-6, and TNF) in type 2 diabetic (T2D) and non-diabetic (ND) subjects. Materials and methods: This is an interventional non randomized clinical trial conducted from 2016 to 2019 at exercise physiology laboratory at De Montfort University (DMU). Our target volunteers are T2D (HbA1c > 6.4), and ND (HbA1c < 5.8) with age group from 18-60 years old who are fit and able to do exercise. No restriction on weight. HbA1c, weight, BMI, waist and lung capacity were measured at baseline and at the 12th exercise session. In each exercise session the participant performed a combined exercise program consists of 30 min of resistance exercise followed by 20 min moderate cycling to be done twice a week for 6 weeks. Results: We enrolled 17 T2D intervention group 4 female and 13 male and 8 ND control group 5 female and 3 male. In both groups there was a significant reduction in HbA1c level after 6 weeks (P= 0.000). In T2D there were a significant weight reduction that decreased from (92.0± 4.3) to (90.0±4.5), (P< 0.001), BMI reduction that decreased from (30.8± 1.0) to (30.2± 0.9), (P< 0.001). In ND, the changes in weight reduction and BMI level were not significant. In T2D the changes in IL-6 level were only significant after the last exercise session. It was increased from 1.79±0.4 to 3.88±1.9 pg/ml (P=0.002), while it was not significant in ND group. In T2D and ND subjects, the changes in TNF level were insignificant. Conclusion: Development of combination exercise programs as a non-pharmacological intervention for diabetic and non-diabetic population are essential to decrease the prevalence of diabetes worldwide. In addition to conduction of public awareness events for proper implementation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Inflammatory markers such as cytokines are protein molecules that play main roles in operating the body immune system [8]. They are secreted by different kind of cells into the circulation, the reticulo-endothelial, the adipose tissue and the musculoskeletal systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of moderate combination exercise on HbA1c, IL-6, and TNF in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic subjects: an interventional non-randomized clinical trial

Alharbi¹,

Alsubaie²,

Sahota³

et al. 2021

GJMT

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“…The levels of TNF-α on HIIT workout and MIT are higher than in the control group or the sedentary. In contrast to these findings, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in individuals who are obese, detected decreased after doing exercises on a regular basis [26]. Exercises with MIT were able to reduce the levels of TNF-α which is accompanied by a decrease in fat mass and body weight [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Moderate Intensity Training (MIT) Against TNF-α and IL-6 levels In Rats

Hadiono¹,

Kushartanti²

2019

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sports Sciences and Health 2018 (2nd ICSSH 2018)

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise with High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Moderate Intensity Training (MIT) on inflammatory profile of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 on the subject of obesity.This research is used 39 wistar rats of male-sex obesity. Intervention training is given for 6 weeks with frequency 4 times per week, HIIT intensity (90-100% of base line capability), MIT (60-80% of base line capability) TNF-α and IL-6 levels are obtained from blood testing with using ELISA test. Data analysis using Anova test.The results of this study showed that there were differences in levels of TNF-α HIIT with control (P = 0.003), MIT with control (P = 0.001) and no difference between HIIT group and MIT (P = 0.945). There was a difference of IL-6 levels between HIIT and control (P = 0.000), HIIT with MIT (P = 0.002), no difference in MIT group with control (P = 0.747). Exercise with the method of HIIT and MIT for 6 weeks with a frequency of 4 times per week can not create levels of TNF-α on the subject of obesity are lower as compared with sedentary groups, even the levels of TNF-α group of HIIT and MIT were significantly higher compared with the sedentary group. As for the levels of IL-6, HIIT is more effective in influencing the low IL-6 compared to MIT.

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“…Subsequently, pre-existing Borrelia were exposed to the host's immune system, which led to accelerated phagocytosis of Borrelia by polymorphonuclears, activation of the complement and production of proinflammatory cytokines, especially IL-6 and TNF-α [ 16 17 18 ]. All this together could stimulate plasma cells to produce high specific anti- Borrelia IgM antibodies [ 19 20 ]. It is not surprising that the OspC WB band was the first to become reactive, since it is the most sensitive and at the same time the most specific when interpreting anti- Borrelia IgM WBs [ 1 2 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceftriaxone and Doxycycline induced Seroconversion in Previously Seronegative Patient with Clinically Suspected Disseminated Lyme Disease: Case Report

Zagorac

Kezele

2021

Infect Chemother

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We present a case of middle-aged woman whose health problems began 3 months after a registered tick bite in endemic area of Lyme borreliosis. First symptoms included fatigue, chills, cervical lymphadenopathy, neck pain and stiffness. Patient was afebrile. Lyme disease was excluded due to lack of erythema migrans and negative enzyme immunoassay test results for anti- Borrelia antibodies. During the next few months, her condition was getting worse and symptoms were accompanied with brain fog, dizziness, palpitations, irregular menstrual cycles, insomnia, panic attacks, headaches, and muscle aches. This led to multiple medical tests and examinations, but the diagnosis failed to be established. Finally, after occurrence of paresthesia and weakness of leg muscles, clinical diagnosis of disseminated Lyme borreliosis with nervous system involvement was suspected and antibiotic therapy was initiated. After the second dose of ceftriaxone, patient got fever and her condition worsened. However, ceftriaxone therapy was continued for a total of 5 days and was followed by 4 weeks of doxycycline therapy. Upon completion of antibiotic therapy, high specific anti- Borrelia antibodies were detected by Western blot and SeraSpot. Appearance of anti- Borrelia antibodies, in contrast to negative test results performed immediately before the therapy started, indicated seroconversion. 18 months after the therapy, patient was completely without the symptoms. This paper emphasizes importance of clinical evaluation of Lyme disease and shows a unique case of seroconversion in patient with symptoms of disseminated Lyme disease. Seroconversion was likely triggered by release of lipoproteins and other immunogenic molecules from Borrelia once the bacterial die-off began due to antibiotic therapy.

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Exercise and the cytokines-interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α): A review

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

The impact of moderate combination exercise on HbA1c, IL-6, and TNF in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic subjects: an interventional non-randomized clinical trial

The impact of moderate combination exercise on HbA1c, IL-6, and TNF in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic subjects: an interventional non-randomized clinical trial

High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Moderate Intensity Training (MIT) Against TNF-α and IL-6 levels In Rats

Ceftriaxone and Doxycycline induced Seroconversion in Previously Seronegative Patient with Clinically Suspected Disseminated Lyme Disease: Case Report

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