Evolution of zeolite crystals in geopolymer-supported zeolites: effects of composition of starting materials

Khalid, Hammad R.; Lee, NK; Choudhry, Iqra; Wang, Zhen; Lee, Haeng‐Ki

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2018.12.044

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, about 35% of the slag is still being wasted in Europe alone [20]. Owing to the chemical composition of slag, it can be used to synthesize hydroxyapatite and zeolites [12,21,22]. Recently, Khalid et al [12] proposed a robust one-step hydrothermal treatment method to synthesize geopolymer-supported zeolite adsorbents using blast furnace slag and fly ash.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Temperature on the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite-Zeolite Using Blast Furnace Slag

et al. 2019

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Blast furnace slag, an industrial by-product, is emerging as a potential raw material to synthesize hydroxyapatite and zeolite. In this study, the effects of temperature on the hydrothermal synthesis of hydroxyapatite-zeolite from blast furnace slag were investigated. Specimens were synthesized at different temperatures (room temperature, 50, 90, 120, or 150 °C). The synthesized specimens were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), BET/BJH, and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive using X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX). It was found that the hydroxyapatite phase was synthesized at all the reaction temperatures, while faujasite type zeolite appeared in the specimens synthesized at 90 and 120 °C. Moreover, faujasite was replaced by hydroxysodalite in the specimens synthesized at 150 °C. Additionally, the crystals of the hydroxyapatite tended to become larger and total crystallinity increased as the reaction temperature increased.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Temperature on the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite-Zeolite Using Blast Furnace Slag

et al. 2019

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“…13, the geopolymer with 40% perlite (G40) shows a homogeneous and dense microstructure with few pores and cracks, constituted mainly by the N-A-S-H type geopolymer gel. This was also con rmed by EDS analysis which showed the presence of silica, aluminum, and sodium as major elements with a molar ratio Na/Si=0.49, which was near to the optimum ratio (0.5) for the N-A-S H gel formation [32]; signi cantly, this contributes to the increase of the mechanical properties of geopolymers [30,32]. As for the 50% perlite composite geopolymer, its microstructure seems more heterogeneous, porous, and ssured than that of the G40 geopolymer, composed of the N-A-S-H type geopolymer phase, with a molar ratio Na/Si=0.44, and the phillipsite-type zeolitic phase with a prismatic morphology.…”

Section: Ft-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 57%

“…This indicates that the addition of natural perlite, at the 40% level, has contributed to the compressive strength development of the synthesized geopolymers, presumably related to the additional reaction resource obtained from the perlite. The increase in the compressive strength with the perlite incorporation was due to the relatively higher SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 molar ratio and the amorphous nature of perlite compared to pozzolan [1,30,31], which increases the content of reactive silica and alumina in the reaction medium and, consequently, the formation of more geopolymerization products, which could be mainly sodium aluminosilicate hydrate gel (N-A-S-H) due to the low calcium content [30,32]. These results are in accordance with those found by Duan et al, [33], which show the increase in compressive strength of y ash-based geopolymers with increasing silica fume content.…”

Section: Compressive Strength Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on the synthesis and characterization of volcanic rocks (pozzolan and perlite)-based geopolymers

Aziz

Benzaouak

Bellil

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The geopolymer preparation based on natural pozzolan is a promising route. Thus, improving the physicochemical properties of these geopolymers by adding other volcanic rocks merits investigation. The present work aims to study the effect of perlite addition, as an acidic volcanic rock, on the physico-chemical and microstructural properties of geopolymers based on pozzolan (basic volcanic rock). The perlite proportion varied between 0 and 50%. A mixture of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was used as an alkaline activator. The perlite effect on the physico-mechanical properties of the synthesized geopolymers was evaluated by the compressive strength (Rc), P-wave velocity (Vp), bulk density (D), and porosity (P). The microstructural aspects have been explored by X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results highlight the possibility of obtaining an eco-efficient geopolymer, with compressive strength of up to 50 MPa at 28 days by partially replacing the pozzolan by 40% of the perlite, due to the formation of more amorphous N-A-S-H type gel. However, the excessive content (over 40%) of perlite had a negative effect on the development of the compressive strength and microstructure of the pozzolan-based geopolymer, which was related to the formation of zeolitic phases in the geopolymer matrix. This study confirms the promise of using pozzolan-perlite-based geopolymers as sustainable building materials, which could significantly promote the development of geo-resources and environmental protection in the construction sector.

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“…According to Norrozir the Si/Al ratio for zeolite A is 1-1.7 while the zeolite is HY 4.9. According Khalid et al (2019) has investigated that the Si/Al ratio of zeolites are an important factor influencing thermal stability and hydrothermal stability, concentration and strength of Bronsted acid sites, and catalyst activity and selectivity.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Characterization Of Synthetic Zeolitementioning

confidence: 99%

The Characterization of Synthetic Zeolite for Hydrocracking of Waste Cooking Oil into Fuel

Salamah

Aktawan

Mufandi

2020

Reaktor

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Zeolite A was used as hydrocracking catalyst to convert cooking oil into potential renewable fuels. The experiment was performed by characterize the diffraction, and pore properties the synthetic zeolite and it was confirmed the synthetic zeolite was zeolite A. The hydrocracking process of waste cooking oil was carried out in semi-fixed batch reactor system at 450° C for 2 hours, under the hydrogen flow of 20 ml/minute. The diffractogram and Si/Al ratio, 1.6, were matched to zeolite A properties, with the surface area, pore diameter, and pore volume were, 1.163 m2/g, 3.93 nm, and 0.001 cc/g, respectively. Liquid product from hydrocracking process of cooking oil consisted of 28.99% alkane and alkene 26.59% that are potential as renewable fuels.Keywords: waste cooking oil; zeolite A; hydrocracking

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Evolution of zeolite crystals in geopolymer-supported zeolites: effects of composition of starting materials

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

The Effects of Temperature on the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite-Zeolite Using Blast Furnace Slag

The Effects of Temperature on the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite-Zeolite Using Blast Furnace Slag

Experimental study on the synthesis and characterization of volcanic rocks (pozzolan and perlite)-based geopolymers

The Characterization of Synthetic Zeolite for Hydrocracking of Waste Cooking Oil into Fuel

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