Evolution of the Bonneville shoreline scarp in west-central Utah: Comparison of scarp-analysis methods and implications for the diffusion model of hillslope evolution

Pelletier, Jon D.; DeLong, Stephen B.; Suwaidi, Aisha Al; Cline, Michael L.; Lewis, Y.; Psillas, J.; Yanites, Brian J.

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.08.008

Cited by 45 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It accounts for convex-upward hillslope profi les, and has been tested and calibrated using cosmogenic nuclide mass-balance measurements (McKean et al, 1993;Heimsath et al, 1997Heimsath et al, , 2001Heimsath et al, , 2005Small et al, 1999). The creep function has been widely applied to scarp degradation, including fault scarps and fl uvial, marine, and lake-shore terraces (Colman and Watson, 1983;Hanks et al, 1984;Andrews and Hanks, 1985;Andrews and Bucknam, 1987;Avouac, 1993;Avouac and Peltzer, 1993;Rosenbloom and Anderson, 1994;Arrowsmith and Rhodes, 1994;Enzel et al, 1996;Arrowsmith et al, 1998;Niviere et al, 1998;Hanks, 2000;Font et al, 2002;Phillips et al, 2003;Hsu and Pelletier, 2004;Kokkalas and Koukouvelas, 2005;Nash and Beaujon, 2006;Pelletier et al, 2006). Estimates of the rate coeffi cient K c have been obtained from a variety of approaches (see compilation by Martin and Church, 1997).…”

Section: Geomorphic Transport Functions For Hillslope Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling landscape evolution

Tucker

Hancock

2010

Earth Surf Processes Landf

474

438

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Geomorphology is currently in a period of resurgence as we seek to explain the diversity, origins and dynamics of terrain on the Earth and other planets in an era of increased environmental awareness. Yet there is a great deal we still do not know about the physics and chemistry of the processes that weaken rock and transport mass across a planet's surface. Discovering and refi ning the relevant geomorphic transport functions requires a combination of careful fi eld measurements, lab experiments, and use of longer-term natural experiments to test current theory and develop new understandings. Landscape evolution models have an important role to play in sharpening our thinking, guiding us toward the right observables, and mapping out the logical consequences of transport laws, both alone and in combination with other salient processes. Improved quantitative characterization of terrain and process, and an ever-improving theory that describes the continual modifi cation of topography by the many and varied processes that shape it, together with improved observation and qualitative and quantitative modelling of geology, vegetation and erosion processes, will provide insights into the mechanisms that control catchment form and function. This paper reviews landscape theory -in the form of numerical models of drainage basin evolution and the current knowledge gaps and future computing challenges that exist.

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Section: Geomorphic Transport Functions For Hillslope Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling landscape evolution

Tucker

Hancock

2010

Earth Surf Processes Landf

474

438

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“…The distinction between steady-state and non-steady-state landforms is signifi cant because topographic steady state is diffi cult to verify at the hillslope scale and because certain non-steady-state conditions can predict the same hillslope morphologies in the linear diffusion model as occur in the nonlinear model under the assumption of steady state ( Jimenez-Hornero et al, 2005). Studies of fault and pluvial shoreline scarps have successfully used Equation 1 for many years, but linearly slope-dependent transport models have also been successful in characterizing scarp evolution (e.g., Pelletier et al, 2006), largely because the local angle of stability in fault and shoreline scarps is not precisely known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear slope-dependent sediment transport in cinder cone evolution

Pelletier

Cline

2007

Geol

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“…By fitting model profiles to topographic profiles, we estimated values for κ t and best fit vertical fault offset magnitude Δ h following methods similar to those employed by Arrowsmith et al [1998] and the full‐scarp methods of Pelletier et al [2006]. In our analyses we assumed that the scarps evolved to 35° rapidly after offset began, and that an originally horizontal surface was offset by faulting.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault zone structure from topography: Signatures of en echelon fault slip at Mustang Ridge on the San Andreas Fault, Monterey County, California

et al. 2010

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We used high‐resolution topography to quantify the spatial distribution of scarps, linear valleys, topographic sinks, and oversteepened stream channels formed along an extensional step over on the San Andreas Fault (SAF) at Mustang Ridge, California. This location provides detail of both creeping fault landform development and complex fault zone kinematics. Here, the SAF creeps 10–14 mm/yr slower than at locations ∼20 km along the fault in either direction. This spatial change in creep rate is coincident with a series of en echelon oblique‐normal faults that strike obliquely to the SAF and may accommodate the missing deformation. This study presents a suite of analyses that are helpful for proper mapping of faults in locations where high‐resolution topographic data are available. Furthermore, our analyses indicate that two large subsidiary faults near the center of the step over zone appear to carry significant distributed deformation based on their large apparent vertical offsets, the presence of associated sag ponds and fluvial knickpoints, and the observation that they are rotating a segment of the main SAF. Several subsidiary faults in the southeastern portion of Mustang Ridge are likely less active; they have few associated sag ponds and have older scarp morphologic ages and subdued channel knickpoints. Several faults in the northwestern part of Mustang Ridge, though relatively small, are likely also actively accommodating active fault slip based on their young morphologic ages and the presence of associated sag ponds.

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Evolution of the Bonneville shoreline scarp in west-central Utah: Comparison of scarp-analysis methods and implications for the diffusion model of hillslope evolution

Cited by 45 publications

References 26 publications

Modelling landscape evolution

Modelling landscape evolution

Nonlinear slope-dependent sediment transport in cinder cone evolution

Fault zone structure from topography: Signatures of en echelon fault slip at Mustang Ridge on the San Andreas Fault, Monterey County, California

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