Evidence of PAH production under lean combustion conditions

Yılmaz, Nadir; Donaldson, A.B.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2007.02.015

Cited by 41 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thus, as reported and emphasized in countless research, alternative fuels need to be used in order to http effect of biodiesel and biodiesel/alcohol blends on the formation of PAHs from the perspectives of human health, the environment and its influence on engine failure called ''wetstacking" [8,24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among several other sources, PAHs are well-known to be emitted as a result of incomplete combustion and high pressure processes [23][24][25][26][27]. Combustion of an organic fuel resulting in a cool flame, such as in a diesel engine running at idle (having a very fuel-lean mixture) will not reach the ideal flame temperature and produce sooty emissions [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This problem is exacerbated in cold climates, where diesel engines are run at low load for long periods of time to prevent freezing of the fuel and where cold intake air further reduces flame temperature and leads to greater PAH production [27,28]. Because PAHs are semi-volatile, they may condense on surfaces within the engine and lead to engine failure through 'wetstacking' [24,25,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation in a diesel engine fueled with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel/n-butanol blends

Yılmaz

Davis

2016

Fuel

103

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation in a diesel engine fueled with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel/n-butanol blends

Yılmaz

Davis

2016

Fuel

103

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“…LHE and the carbon number of alcohols are significant factors in diesel engine combustion phases. 24,25 Compared to lower alcohols, higher carbon alcohols have long-chain structure, higher cetane number, better blend stability, higher energy density, less LHE, and hygroscopic nature. 26 These properties make higher alcohols promising alternative fuels in diesel engines.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative assessment of different diesel engines fueled with 1‐pentanol and diesel blends

Atmanlı

Yılmaz

2021

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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1-pentanol has been gathering attention because of its advantages over the lower alcohols, and the researchers consider that it is a promising alternative fuel for diesel engines. In this study, two types of diesel engines were fueled with various blends of 1-pentanol (5%-35%) and diesel blends. Engine tests were performed using Onan DJC and Subaru RGD (3300H) unmodified diesel engines under different engine loads and speeds and results were reported and compared for both diesel engines.Test results of Onan and Subaru engines showed that average brake thermal efficiency (BTE) decreased, while brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), and exhaust gas temperature (EGT) increased with increasing presence of 1-pentanol in the binary blends. Addition of 1-pentanol to diesel fuel significantly decreased oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) emissions, while hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions increased drastically with the use of 1-pentanol as compared to diesel fuel. It is noted that the engine specifications, operating conditions and 1-pentanol blend ratio significantly affect HC emissions. As a result, the lowest ratio of 1-pentanol is the most promising candidate for decreasing NO x emissions, but at the expense of increasing BSFC for any type of diesel engine without any engine modification.

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“…This phenomenon is attributable to the fact that the cetane number and viscosity of butanol are both lower than those of conventional diesel. Therefore, for biodieselhols that contain > 30% (40 or 50%) butanol or water-containing butanol, the excessively low viscosity causes more fuel to be injected into the engine from the nozzle at a given pressure, causing fuelrich combustion (Yilmaz and Donaldson, 2007). Additionally, biodieselhols with excessively low cetane numbers typically exhibit unfavorable conditions for combustion.…”

Section: Pm Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Exhaust Emissions of a Diesel Generator Fueled with Water-Containing Butanol and Waste-Edible-Oil-Biodiesel Blends

Tsai

Chen

Huang

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In recent years, the development of alternative energies has attracted much interest owing to the depletion of crude oil reserves and increasing oil prices. Many efforts have been made to use biodiesel as an alternative fuel in diesel engines. This study examines the particulate matter (PM), particulate carbon (EC and OC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are emitted from a generator using biodieselhols, which comprise 10-50 vol% pure (or dehydrated) butanol (denoted as B) or 10-40 vol% water-containing butanol (2% and 5% water content, denoted as B' and B'', respectively), 20 vol% wasteedible-oil-biodiesel (WEO-biodiesel, denoted as W20), and 30-80 vol% conventional diesel. The experimental results reveal that water-containing and -free butanol-added WEO-biodiesel yielded 21.7-56.3% less PM, 28.7-63.8% less PM-EC, 11.8-48.7% less PM-OC, 23.5-59.2% less total-PAHs, and 37.0-55.3% less total-BaP eq than fossil diesel (D100). The greatest reductions were achieved using the blended fuels with 30% added butanol (W20B30, W20B'30, and W20P2B''30). The use of 5% water-containing butanol reduced total-PAHs emission more than did the use of 2% water-containing butanol.

show abstract

Evidence of PAH production under lean combustion conditions

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation in a diesel engine fueled with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel/n-butanol blends

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation in a diesel engine fueled with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel/n-butanol blends

Comparative assessment of different diesel engines fueled with 1‐pentanol and diesel blends

Characteristics of Exhaust Emissions of a Diesel Generator Fueled with Water-Containing Butanol and Waste-Edible-Oil-Biodiesel Blends

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