Everyday Phytochemicals for Cancer: Another Look

Sree, V. Gowri; Camarillo, Ignacio G.; Shree, T. Jeya; Poompavai, S.; Giri, Prgatheiswar; Begum, Sajeli; Hemalatha, S.; Mittal, Lakshya; Sieni, Elisabetta; Madhivanan, S; Prabakaran, Sudhakaran; Sundararajan, Raji

doi:10.9734/bpi/hmmr/v6/1741f

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…186 In addition to their antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, organosulfur compounds are known to possess antiproliferative and proapoptotic anticancer effects. 187 The glucosinolates are metabolized to isothiocyanates by the plant enzyme myrosinase via hydrolysis and have been shown to inhibit inflammation by activating detoxification enzymes, clearing free radicals, and inducing immune functions. 186 Several isothiocyanates with potent antineoplastic effects include allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), 6-(methylsulfinyl) hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MITC), and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC).…”

Section: Sulfur-containing Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…188 Allicin Allicin (Figure 5), an organosulfur phytochemical found mainly in garlic, leeks, and onion, possesses qualities characteristic of other allylic sulfides, such as detoxification of carcinogens, inhibition of cancer-related hormones, and prevention of tumor growth. 187 Moreover, allicin has demonstrated potential anticancer effects both in vitro and in vivo via modulation of various cell signaling pathways. [189][190][191] Guo and coresearchers 97 studied allicin with Tca8113 and SCC25 cell lines and revealed that treatment inhibited cell proliferation and potentiated cell death from apoptosis as a result of upregulation of Bax and caspase-3, as well as a decrease in Bcl-2 expression.…”

Section: Sulfur-containing Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like allicin and AITC, SAC is known to detoxify carcinogens, reduce levels of cancer-related hormones, and inhibit tumor growth. 187 In a nonblinded clinical trial completed by Meshri et al, 223 premalignant oral lesions of 10 healthy participants were topically treated with 0.5% SAC three times daily for 1 month. Researchers found that topical application of SAC reduced lesion size, albeit in a statistically nonsignificant and inconsistent fashion.…”

Section: S-allylcysteine (Sac)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…198 Uniquely, sulforaphane is useful for its ability to induce nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling within the Kelch-like ECHassociated protein 1 (KEAP1)-NRF2 cell survival response, which is an effective inhibitor of carcinogenesis. 187,199 Research on sulforaphane against oral cancer was conducted by Jee et al, 109 who studied its effects on oral cancer cell lines YD8, YD10B, YD15, and YD38. The researchers found that treatment of these cells with sulforaphane resulted in suppression of cell growth and inhibition of invasion and migration.…”

Section: Sulforaphanementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, 6-MITC could sensitize the oral cancer cells to radiation therapy by markedly decreasing their postirradiation survival. PEITC PEITC (Figure5), another glucosinolate derivative found in watercress, has been linked to anti-inflammatory properties and effects including detoxification of carcinogens, suppression of cancer-promoting hormones, and antiproliferative actions 187,188. Yeh et al104 investigated the effects of PEITC on OC2 cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bioactive phytocompounds for oral cancer prevention and treatment: A comprehensive and critical evaluation

Burcher

DeLiberto

Allen

et al. 2023

Medicinal Research Reviews

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The high incidence of oral cancer combined with excessive treatment cost underscores the need for novel oral cancer preventive and therapeutic options. The value of natural agents, including plant secondary metabolites (phytochemicals), in preventing carcinogenesis and representing expansive source of anticancer drugs have been established. While fragmentary research data are available on antioral cancer effects of phytochemicals, a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the potential of these agents for the prevention and intervention of human oral malignancies has not been conducted according to our knowledge. This study presents a complete and critical analysis of current preclinical and clinical results on the prevention and treatment of oral cancer using phytochemicals. Our in‐depth analysis highlights anticancer effects of various phytochemicals, such as phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur‐containing compounds, against numerous oral cancer cells and/or in vivo oral cancer models by antiproliferative, proapoptotic, cell cycle‐regulatory, antiinvasive, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic effects. Bioactive phytochemicals exert their antineoplastic effects by modulating various signaling pathways, specifically involving the epidermal growth factor receptor, cytokine receptors, toll‐like receptors, and tumor necrosis factor receptor and consequently alter the expression of downstream genes and proteins. Interestingly, phytochemicals demonstrate encouraging effects in clinical trials, such as reduction of oral lesion size, cell growth, pain score, and development of new lesions. While most phytochemicals displayed minimal toxicity, concerns with bioavailability may limit their clinical application. Future directions for research include more in‐depth mechanistic in vivo studies, administration of phytochemicals using novel formulations, investigation of phytocompounds as adjuvants to conventional treatment, and randomized clinical trials.

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Section: Sulfur-containing Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%