Evaluation of total LDH and its isoenzymes as markers in preeclampsia

Abstract

Summary Background Preeclampsia, a rapidly progressing pregnancy-specific multi-systemic syndrome is globally the leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to evaluate the serum total Lactate dehydrogenase levels in women with preeclampsia when compared to normotensive pregnant women and assess the electrophoretic pattern of the LDH isoenzymes in normal pregnancy, preeclampsia and eclampsia. Methods The study, carried out in the Department of Biochemistry of MVJ Medical College, included 30 patients of preeclampsia and 30 normotensive gestational age-matched pregnant women admitted to the Department of OBG. Serum total LDH was analysed by DGKC method. Serum and cord blood samples for isoenzyme distribution analysis were collected from a normal pregnant woman undergoing delivery, a woman with mild eclampsia, two women with eclampsia, and analysed by slab gel electrophoresis followed by activity staining. Results LDH was significantly elevated in cases as well as between the case (mild and severe) groups, showed a moderate positive statistically significant correlation with systolic, diastolic blood pressure and a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 80%. Further, the isoenzyme pattern showed a decreasing distribution of aerobic forms of LDH in preeclampsia-eclampsia. Conclusions Preeklampsija, multisistemski sindrom koji brzo napreduje zbog trudnoće, vodeći je uzrok morbiditeta i mortaliteta majki i novoro|enčadi. Ova studija ima za cilj da proceni nivo ukupne laktat dehidrogenaze u serumu kod žena sa preeklampsijom u poređenju sa normotenzivnim trudnicama i proceni elektroforetski obrazac LDH izoenzima u normalnoj trudnoći, preeklampsiji i eklampsiji.

Serum LDH values in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and their association with maternal and neonatal morbidity: a meta-analysis

“…Similarly, Khalil observed that LDH could help differentiate severe preeclampsia from healthy controls as well as patients with proteinuria, gestational hypertension and mild preeclampsia using a cut-off value of 208 U/L (sensitivity 100%, AUC 71.2%) [21]. On the other hand, Fazal et al reported that the accuracy of LDH in detecting preeclampsia was limited (sensitivity 50% at an optimal cut-off of 525 U/L) [22]; however, their sample size was particularly small to establish definitive conclusions. Kasraeian et al used a cut-off of 336 U/L and observed that the specificity was also low (59%) [23].…”

Overexpression of glycolysis markers in placental tissue of pregnant women with chronic venous disease: a histological study

“…This increased expression of the isoenzyme LDHA and lactate production has also been observed in the pathogenesis of other placental vascular pathologies such as pre-eclampsia [44]. Interestingly, there are multiple studies evidencing the promising use of serum LDH as a diagnostic and prognostic factor in this obstetrical condition [45,46]. Future studies may be directed to analyze serum levels of this enzyme in women with CVD and its possible clinical correlations.…”

Serum LDH values in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and their association with maternal and neonatal morbidity: A meta‐analysis

“…Similarly, Khalil observed that LDH could help differentiate severe preeclampsia from healthy controls as well as patients with proteinuria, gestational hypertension and mild preeclampsia using a cut-off value of 208 U/L (sensitivity 100%, AUC 71.2%). 21 On the other hand, Fazal et al 22 reported that the accuracy of LDH in detecting preeclampsia was limited (sensitivity 50% at an optimal cut-off of 525 U/L); however, their sample size was particularly small to establish definitive conclusions. Kasraeian et al 23 used a cut-off of 336 U/L and observed that the specificity was also low (59%).…”