Evaluation of the usefulness of the EOS 2D/3D system for the measurement of lower limbs anatomical and biomechanical parameters in children

Schlégl, Ádám Tibor; Szuper, Kinga; Somoskeőy, Szabolcs; Than, Péter

doi:10.1556/oh.2014.30009

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…In agreement with other studies, we think this study further demonstrates the EOS 2D/3D scanners potential role as a reliable tool for measuring lower limb parameters in a pediatric population . While difficulties may arise due to the growth cartilages, resulting in longer processing times in those under 10 years old and may prevent full 3D reconstruction in under fours, they can be reliably carried out in the majority of children …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The measured parameters (based on our previously published figure). CD, Collodiaphyseal angle; FAA, Femur anatomical axis; FHD, Femoral head diameter; FMA, Femur mechanical axis; FMAn, Femoral mechanical angle; FM‐FS, Femoral mechanical axis‐femoral shaft angle; FNA, Femoral neck axis; FNL, Femur neck length; FO, Femoral offset; FT, Femoral torsion; FTR, Femorotibial rotation; LMA, Lower limb's mechanical axis; mTFA, Mechanical tibiofemoral angle; PCL, posterior condylar line; TM, Transmalleolar line; TMA, Tibia mechanical axis; TMAn, Tibial mechanical angle; TT, Tibial torsion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 2007, our clinic has used the EOS 2D/3D imaging system, which can capture low distortion whole‐body stereo X‐ray scans of standing patients at an ultra‐low radiation dose. Using such stereo images, 3D models can be generated of the spine, hip, and lower limbs . The reliability of this reconstruction method has been well studied, though limited reports describe its use with children …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using such stereo images, 3D models can be generated of the spine, hip, and lower limbs. [10][11][12][13] The reliability of this reconstruction method has been well studied, though limited reports describe its use with children. [14][15][16][17][18][19] We had several aims in this study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although many subjects were included in the study that possess some milder orthopaedic disorders, to ensure the validity of data from such patients a study was conducted to assess the presence of any possible difference between the lower limb anatomy of disorder-less subjects (those who received a "diagnosis" of "joint pain of unknown origin") and those with such disorders. This was carried out on all bone age groups, and in all calendar age groups with a minimum of five subjects with and without diagnosed orthopaedic disorders (ages [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Determination and correlation of lower limb anatomical parameters and bone age during skeletal growth (based on 1005 cases)

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to evaluate bone age and its correlation with the lower limbs' developing skeletal anatomy during growth. 1005 children and young adults were evaluated for bone age and 14 different parameters measured on lower-limb reconstructions from radiological examinations carried out with an EOS 2D/3D system in the course of routine orthopedic indicated diagnostic practice. Cervical vertebral morphology evaluation for bone age using the Hassel-Farman method, which describes six stages of maturity, was selected. Intra- and inter-observer reliability tests for this method, and for the EOS 3D reconstructions were performed. Statistical analysis were performed using Spearman correlation, multiple linear regression, and t-test. The intra- and inter-observer reliability of the Hassel-Farman method and the EOS 3D lower-limb reconstruction were found to be excellent. Interestingly one bone age stage could include individuals across a 12.1 year range, and conversely individuals of the same calendar age could be of one of 3.2 different bone age stages. In the prepubertal age groups all six bone stages could be observed. Bone age revealed a stronger relationship, lower standard deviations with groups and proved to be a better discriminating variable than the calendar age by collodiaphyseal angle, femoral, and tibial torsion, femorotibial rotation, and mechanical tibiofemoral angle. Bone age is an indicator of skeletal maturity and may more accurately describe the growth of some lower limb parameters. As a result we suggest the consideration of bone age when evaluating lower-limb biomechanic-anatomical parameters. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1431-1441, 2017.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Determination and correlation of lower limb anatomical parameters and bone age during skeletal growth (based on 1005 cases)

et al. 2016

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Three dimensional radiological imaging of normal lower-limb alignment in children

Schlégl

Szuper

Somoskeőy

et al. 2015

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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Neck-shaft angle measurement in children: accuracy of the conventional radiography-based (2D) methods compared to 3D reconstructions

Schlégl

Nyakas

Kovács

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of widely used conventional radiography-based (2D) neck-shaft angle measurements compared to 3D reconstruction. In our retrospective study, EOS 2D/3D images of 156 patients (312 limbs) were selected from our database (4–16 years old: 6 girls and 6 boys/year), where no pathology was revealed. Using the 2D modality of the EOS method neck-shaft angle was measured using the “biggest diameter” and “circle fitting” techniques to define the femoral neck axis and 1/3, 1/2 and full femur to determine the femoral shaft axis. EOS 3D reconstructions of same images were also performed and a comparison of 2D and 3D results was made. We did not find any significant difference between accuracy of the four examined 2D methods, although the deviation between 2 and 3D results was considerable (average difference: 5.11–5.58°, p < 0,001). In 31% of the cases, difference was more than 10°. Only femoral torsion showed significant influence on the difference (correlation coefficient: 0.380, p < 0.001). We did not find a clinically significant difference between the examined 2D methods, although their accuracy was highly questionable compared to 3D results. We suggest using any 3D imaging method for surgical planning and in uncertain cases.

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Evaluation of the usefulness of the EOS 2D/3D system for the measurement of lower limbs anatomical and biomechanical parameters in children

Abstract: The EOS technology proved to be an appropriate method to measure lower limbs anatomical parameters in children. Changes in these parameters during development correlated with age and gender.

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

Determination and correlation of lower limb anatomical parameters and bone age during skeletal growth (based on 1005 cases)

Determination and correlation of lower limb anatomical parameters and bone age during skeletal growth (based on 1005 cases)

Three dimensional radiological imaging of normal lower-limb alignment in children

Neck-shaft angle measurement in children: accuracy of the conventional radiography-based (2D) methods compared to 3D reconstructions

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