Three dimensional radiological imaging of normal lower-limb alignment in children

Schlégl, Ádám Tibor; Szuper, Kinga; Somoskeőy, Szabolcs; Than, Péter

doi:10.1007/s00264-015-2851-2

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In agreement with other studies, we think this study further demonstrates the EOS 2D/3D scanners potential role as a reliable tool for measuring lower limb parameters in a pediatric population . While difficulties may arise due to the growth cartilages, resulting in longer processing times in those under 10 years old and may prevent full 3D reconstruction in under fours, they can be reliably carried out in the majority of children …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Using such stereo images, 3D models can be generated of the spine, hip, and lower limbs . The reliability of this reconstruction method has been well studied, though limited reports describe its use with children …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10][11][12][13] The reliability of this reconstruction method has been well studied, though limited reports describe its use with children. [14][15][16][17][18][19] We had several aims in this study. Firstly to find and examine the reliability of a method for quick, reliable assessment of bone age for our database of stored EOS 2D/3D images.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although many subjects were included in the study that possess some milder orthopaedic disorders, to ensure the validity of data from such patients a study was conducted to assess the presence of any possible difference between the lower limb anatomy of disorder-less subjects (those who received a "diagnosis" of "joint pain of unknown origin") and those with such disorders. This was carried out on all bone age groups, and in all calendar age groups with a minimum of five subjects with and without diagnosed orthopaedic disorders (ages [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Determination and correlation of lower limb anatomical parameters and bone age during skeletal growth (based on 1005 cases)

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to evaluate bone age and its correlation with the lower limbs' developing skeletal anatomy during growth. 1005 children and young adults were evaluated for bone age and 14 different parameters measured on lower-limb reconstructions from radiological examinations carried out with an EOS 2D/3D system in the course of routine orthopedic indicated diagnostic practice. Cervical vertebral morphology evaluation for bone age using the Hassel-Farman method, which describes six stages of maturity, was selected. Intra- and inter-observer reliability tests for this method, and for the EOS 3D reconstructions were performed. Statistical analysis were performed using Spearman correlation, multiple linear regression, and t-test. The intra- and inter-observer reliability of the Hassel-Farman method and the EOS 3D lower-limb reconstruction were found to be excellent. Interestingly one bone age stage could include individuals across a 12.1 year range, and conversely individuals of the same calendar age could be of one of 3.2 different bone age stages. In the prepubertal age groups all six bone stages could be observed. Bone age revealed a stronger relationship, lower standard deviations with groups and proved to be a better discriminating variable than the calendar age by collodiaphyseal angle, femoral, and tibial torsion, femorotibial rotation, and mechanical tibiofemoral angle. Bone age is an indicator of skeletal maturity and may more accurately describe the growth of some lower limb parameters. As a result we suggest the consideration of bone age when evaluating lower-limb biomechanic-anatomical parameters. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1431-1441, 2017.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Determination and correlation of lower limb anatomical parameters and bone age during skeletal growth (based on 1005 cases)

et al. 2016

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“…Recently published data have shown that the estimated radiation dose for a 3D CT reconstruction can be reduced to 3.7 millisieverts (mSv) [18]. 3D measurements can also be evaluated with the help of the EOS software imaging system [19]. This system is based on posteroanterior and lateral views of the spine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of two- and three-dimensional measurement of the Cobb angle in scoliosis

Lechner

Putzer

Dammerer

et al. 2016

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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Purpose The Cobb angle as an objective measure is used to determine the progression of deformity, and is the basis in the planning of conservative and surgical treatment. However, studies have shown that the Cobb angle has two limitations: an inter-and intraobserver variability of the measurement is approximately 3-5 degrees, and high variability regarding the definition of the end vertebra. Scoliosis is a three-dimensional (3D) pathology, and 3D pathologies cannot be completely assessed by two-dimensional (2D) methods, like 2D radiography. The objective of this study was to determine the intraobserver and interobserver reliability of end vertebra definition and Cobb angle measurement using X-rays and 3D computer tomography (CT) reconstructions in scoliotic spines. Methods To assess interoberver variation the Cobb angle and the end vertebra were assessed by five observers in 55 patients using X-rays and 3D CT reconstructions. Definition of end vertebra and measurement of the Cobb angle was repeated two times with a three-week interval. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to determine the interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities. 95% prediction limits were provided for measurement errors. Results Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) showed excellent reliability for both methods. The measured Cobb angle was on average 9.2 degrees larger in the 3D CT group (72.8°, range 30-144) than on 2D radiography (63.6°, range 24-152). Conclusions In scoliosis treatment it is very essential to determine the curve magnitude, which is larger in a 3D measurement compared to 2D radiography.

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The use of a photogrammetric method for the three-dimensional evaluation of spinal correction in scoliosis

Berthonnaud

Papin

Deceuninck

et al. 2016

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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The first objective was to numerically describe the changes of the 3D spinal feature, due to the correcting treatment. Changes are calculated from the comparison between 3D radiologic situations, between before and after treatment. The second objective was to determine the direction of the external force, which would be the most efficient for correcting the patient set spine/rib cage. A mild mechanical analysis is proposed, for representing the transit of the external force, from rib cage to thoracic regional plane.

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Three dimensional radiological imaging of normal lower-limb alignment in children

Abstract: The pattern found in this study confirms the results of previous publications investigating Caucasian populations; however, absolute values differ significantly in several cases.

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Determination and correlation of lower limb anatomical parameters and bone age during skeletal growth (based on 1005 cases)

Determination and correlation of lower limb anatomical parameters and bone age during skeletal growth (based on 1005 cases)

Comparison of two- and three-dimensional measurement of the Cobb angle in scoliosis

The use of a photogrammetric method for the three-dimensional evaluation of spinal correction in scoliosis

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