Evaluation of the morphology of the genial tubercle using cone-beam computed tomography

Morphometric aspects and proposal of a new classification of genial tubercles in cone-beam computed tomography in a Brazilian population

“…The fact of we had measured only the largest tubercle in the anteroposterior direction may explain this finding. Furthermore, Nejaim et al 17 also evaluated this measurement and compared it with sexual dimorphism, but found no statistical differences between men and women, differing from the present study that revealed a dimorphic pattern among men.…”

“…Regarding the distance from the upper point of the base to the apex of the adjacent incisor, it was considerably smaller than previous studies. 3 , 13 , 17 However, the present research was the only one that found significant differences between groups. This distance was greater in men (7.87 mm), compared to women (5.12 mm), and greater in tubercles with IIA classification (a single centralized tubercle).…”

“…The study by Nejaim et al 17 also evaluated sexual dimorphism, however they found no significant difference between males and females. In the present study, these values were statistically higher in males than females; however, it is not possible to establish a definitive dimorphic pattern because of an intersection area common to both sexes.…”

Traumatic genial tubercle fracture: a case description with 9-month radiographic follow-up and a literature analysis

“…The morphological pattern of genial tubercles is very variable. Moreover, it is not influenced by the facial type or skeletal pattern (3). Five patterns (Figure 1) were described in the literature: the classical four spines (two inferior and two superior tubercles), two superior tubercles with one fused inferior tubercle, two superior tubercles with a rough impression bellow, one single median projection, or absence of any bony projections (5).…”

“…Genial tubercles are sharp projections of bone on the lingual aspect of the mandible around the midline and at a mid-point between its inferior border and lower incisors apices (3,4). The morphological pattern of genial tubercles is very variable.…”