Evaluation of the Health Impact of the Radio-Frequency Fields from Mobile Telephones

Abstract

Expansion of the use of mobile phones increases con cern about any eventual health risks from the micro waves they emit. ln this work, we have looked at whether these microwaves could disturb the nervous system, the auditory system or the endocrine system. No significant effect was observed in the responses of the auditory brainstem or the endocrine system, but a slight increase in activity was observed on the Q-EEG. The functional significance of this effect remains to be evaluated, as well as any possible health impact.

Effects of 2G and 3G mobile phones on human alpha rhythms: Resting EEG in adolescents, young adults, and the elderly

“…In terms of the MP/alpha literature, until recently there had been a number of reports of increased spontaneous alpha with MP exposure [Reiser et al, 1995;Borbély et al, 1999;De Seze et al, 2001;Croft et al, 2002;Huber et al, 2002], four reports of no effect [Roschke and Mann, 1997;Hietanen et al, 2000;Kramarenko and Tan, 2003;Hinrikus et al, 2004], two reports of reduced alpha [Freude et al, 2000;Huber et al, 2000], and one report of a reduced 8-13 Hz neural laterality index [D'Costa et al, 2003].…”

Do electromagnetic fields significantly affect thyroid cells and their functions? – A systematic review

“…[30][31][32][33][34] In addition, four review articles (two discussing the effect of non-ionizing EMF on thyroid gland abnormalities, 35,36 while the two others discussing the effect of non-ionizing EMF on thyroid hormone functions) 37,38 and one hypothesis article elaborated the impact of non-ionizing radiation on the likelihood of thyroid cancer 39 were also excluded (Figure 1). A total of 25 studies consisted of 15 experimental [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] and 10 observational, 6,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] respectively, were included in this systematic review (Figure 1).…”

“…Out of fifteen experimental studies included, [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] ten studies assessed the morphological and histocellular changes of thyroid gland 40,43,44,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53] and six studies assessed hormonal function (T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)). 41,42,[44][45][46]54 Out of ten experimental studies that assessed the effect of EMF exposure on morphological and histocellular changes, 40,43,44,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53] some indicators were used to assess the effects of EMF exposure including changes in the number of NPY-containing nerve fibers, changes in thyroid mast cells, 50 changes in volume density of the follicular epithelium and interfollicular tissue, capillary volume density, 51 thyroid activation index, and alterations in colloid volume density. 49 The presence of several EMF-exposed colloid droplets in the thyroid follicular cells on the same thyrocytes with some large-diameter droplets was also repo...…”

“…50 Two studies were conducted on human subjects with number of samples of 20 and 30 individuals and aged between 18 and 40 years. 41,42 Only one study was in vitro. 53 There are various types of EMF exposure measured in experiment studies.…”

“…53 There are various types of EMF exposure measured in experiment studies. Three studies used real mobile phone as the source of EMF exposure, 41,42,44 while others used EMF exposure produced from various simulation devices. 40,43,[45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] Those who used the real phone, investigated the radiation transmitted from the European GSM-standard commercial cellular phones, namely Motorola, 41 Motorola 8200, 42 and Nokia 1200.…”