Evaluation of the Effect of Diacetyl Morphine on Salivary Factors and their Changes after Methadone Therapy

Akbari, Majid; Afshari, Reza; Sharif, Mahsa; Hashemy, Seyed Isaac; Majidinia, Sara

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1607

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…(16) The results of Akbari's studies showed the rate of oral pigmentation in addicts to be 34.5%, which is consistent with the results of the present study. (12) The prevalence of oral ulcers and herpes was 25% among subjects, which turned out to be similar to that of the O'sullivan's study, which reported a rate of 20% for the incidence of oral ulcers. (9) In the present study, 3% of subjects had leukoplakia, which was quite similar to the results of the Akbari study, with a rate of 4%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The mean DMFT index was 15.8% in this study, a rate which was 14.4% in O'sullivan's and 16% in Akbari's study. (9,12) The prevalence of dry mouth was 73% in this study, a rate which turned out to be 50% in Ayramloo's research. (13) Dry mouth is an important factor in increasing the incidence of dental caries, periodontal problems and TMD disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

“…(9) In the present study, 3% of subjects had leukoplakia, which was quite similar to the results of the Akbari study, with a rate of 4%. (12) Sujutha and Patil reported a 14% and 8.2% incidence of leukoplakia, respectively. (17,18) 57% of the addicts participating in the present research never brushed; however, 44.2% of subjects either didn't brush or brushed quite infrequently in Ghane's study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The prevalence of TMD was 42% in this study, which was similar to the results of Almus and Akbari studies that reported a prevalence of 41% and 36.5% for TMD. (12,14) The results of Shetty's studies showed a prevalence of 22.3% for TMD. (15) These findings suggest that drugs are likely to increase oral pigmentation habits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of DMFT and CPITN Indices among Users of Various Drugs

Abdal¹,

Vilizadeh²,

Nazari³

et al. 2019

jemds

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BACKGROUND Addiction, in addition to social and economic problems, can cause serious oral health complications and impose huge costs of treatment and elimination of oral health problems among addicts. The present study was conducted to investigate DMFT and CPITN indices among drug users in Ilam's addiction treatment center. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study, conducted in Ilam's addiction treatment centers and all patients who visited the centers for drug rehabilitation for one month were closely examined and studied. Clinical examinations were performed by the dentist in order to evaluate DMFT and CPITN indices. The collected data was analysed by SPSS version 18. ANOVA and t-student were used to examine the individual information and oral indices. RESULTS Most of the patients were aged between 30 to 40 years and their mean age was 42.16±5.6; the youngest subject was 20 and the eldest was 77 years old, who were addicted to marijuana and opium. 197 (97.5%) male and 5 (2.5%) female subjects were studied. 130 patients (64.5%) were addicted to opium, 26 (12.8%) to heroine, 20 (9.9%), 11 (5.4%) to crack 15 (7.4%) were addicted to marijuana. 147 (73%) of addicts had dyspepsia and 98 (48.5%) had severe dental sensitivity. Temporomandibular joint disorders were observed in 84 (42%) patients; severe gingival bleeding was observed in 42 cases. The mean DMFT index turned out to be 15.8 in this study. Drug users in this study had an inappropriate oral and dental health status. CONCLUSIONS Proper oral health and preventive dental care interventions are strongly recommended in treatment centers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of DMFT and CPITN Indices among Users of Various Drugs

Abdal¹,

Vilizadeh²,

Nazari³

et al. 2019

jemds

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“…Nevertheless, studies comparing heroin users and methadone-treated patients have reported that the MMT group exhibits improvement in redox biomarkers [30, 53, 54]. On the same grounds, TAC is decreased after opioid administration, especially heroin [9, 55–57], but it seems that substitutes have a positive effect [9, 58] increasing the antioxidant capacity of the organism. These findings are optimistic because they support the notion that although substitute treatment induces oxidative stress, this occurs in much less extent in comparison to heroin, thus reinforcing its use at rehab programs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buprenorphine and Methadone as Opioid Maintenance Treatments for Heroin-Addicted Patients Induce Oxidative Stress in Blood

Leventelis

Goutzourelas

Kortsinidou

et al. 2019

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Buprenorphine and methadone are two substances widely used in the substitution treatment of patients who are addicted to opioids. Although it is known that they partly act efficiently towards this direction, there is no evidence regarding their effects on the redox status of patients, a mechanism that could potentially improve their action. Therefore, the aim of the present investigation was to examine the impact of buprenorphine and methadone, which are administered as substitutes to heroin-dependent patients on specific redox biomarkers in the blood. From the results obtained, both the buprenorphine (n=21) and the methadone (n=21) groups exhibited oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant defence. This was evident by the decreased glutathione (GSH) concentration and catalase activity in erythrocytes and the increased concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls in the plasma, while there was no significant alteration of plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to the healthy individuals (n=29). Furthermore, methadone revealed more severe oxidant action compared to buprenorphine. Based on relevant studies, the tested substitutes mitigate the detrimental effects of heroin on patient redox status; still it appears that they need to be boosted. Therefore, concomitant antioxidant administration could potentially enhance their beneficial action, and most probably, buprenorphine that did not induce oxidative stress in such a severe mode as methadone, on the regulation of blood redox status.

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Endogenous Opiates and Behavior: 2015

Bodnar

2017

Peptides

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Evaluation of the Effect of Diacetyl Morphine on Salivary Factors and their Changes after Methadone Therapy

Abstract: Heroin addiction changed the effective salivary factors and therefore could negatively contribute to oral health. These factors were not return to the normal range after 1 month of MMT. Physicians should be informed about focusing on oral health in patients under MMT.

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluation of DMFT and CPITN Indices among Users of Various Drugs

Evaluation of DMFT and CPITN Indices among Users of Various Drugs

Buprenorphine and Methadone as Opioid Maintenance Treatments for Heroin-Addicted Patients Induce Oxidative Stress in Blood

Endogenous Opiates and Behavior: 2015

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