Evaluation of the carbon sequestration capacity of arid mangroves along nutrient availability and salinity gradients along the Red Sea coastline of Saudi Arabia

Shaltout, Kamal H.; Ahmed, Mohamed Tawfic; Alrumman, Sulaiman A.; Ahmed, Dalia A.; Eid, Ebrahem M.

doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2019.08.002

Cited by 42 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Soil sub-samples were oven-dried at 105 • C to a constant weight and the bulk density was estimated as the mass of the oven-dried soil per volume of bulk soil. Oven-dried soil sub samples were homogenized and the organic matter content was determined using loss on ignition (LOI) (Benson et al, 2017;Shaltout et al, 2019) whereby 5.0 g of homogenized oven-dried sub-samples were heated at 550 • C for 4 h in a muffle furnace (Heiri et al, 2001;Ratnayake et al, 2007). Organic matter contents were divided by a factor of 1.72 to estimate the organic carbon contents of soils, and estimates of total soil organic carbon per ha, based on pooled data from cores, were calculated according to Eqs.…”

Section: Soil Carbon Contents Soil Sampling and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and intertidal zonation drive variability in the carbon stocks of Sri Lankan mangrove forests

et al. 2021

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is at the forefront of global mangrove conservation. It is the first country to officially protect all its remaining mangrove forests and has embarked on an ambitious plan to restore 10,000 ha of wetland during the United Nations Decade of Ecosystem Restoration. One incentive for this conservation effort is a recognition, based on research mostly done elsewhere, of the importance of mangroves for carbon sequestration and storage. However, a lack of data on Sri Lankan mangrove carbon pools, especially on soil organic carbon, has been recognized as a major impediment to national climate change mitigation strategies. The current work examined both above and below-ground carbon stocks of five important mangrove forests in Sri Lanka (Rekawa, Puttalam-Kalpitiya, Pambala-Chilaw, Batticaloa and Negombo) which are situated in the three major climate zones (dry, intermediate and wet) and therefore sample the main climatic drivers of spatial variability. Above-ground carbon, below-ground root carbon and soil carbon stocks of mangroves in Sri Lanka ranged from 75.5 to 189.1 Mg C ha − 1 , 7.9 to 14.3 Mg C ha − 1 and 643.6 to 1253.6 Mg C ha − 1 , respectively. The highest total mangrove carbon stock was recorded from the Rekawa lagoon which is in the intermediate climate zone (1455.4 Mg C ha − 1 ) while the lowest was found in the Batticaloa lagoon in the dry zone (734.7 Mg C ha − 1 ). Soil carbon stocks were substantially higher in the places where vegetation biomass and stand densities are high. Soil comprised 83-90% of the total mangrove carbon stocks at all sites, highlighting the large potential for release into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide if these habitats are disturbed. Overall, our study contributes important data that broadens our current understanding of how mangrove organic carbon pools vary spatially and with climatic zone.

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Section: Soil Carbon Contents Soil Sampling and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and intertidal zonation drive variability in the carbon stocks of Sri Lankan mangrove forests

et al. 2021

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“…One of these roles is their ability to absorb carbon dioxide and store it in the form of "blue carbon" in the sediments of coastal areas [108]. Mangroves are able to store 15,514,807,200 tons of carbon dioxide [109]. Mangroves trees have an important role in sequestering CO 2 , as they can do so at a rate that is 100 times faster than the rate of terrestrial forests.…”

Section: Planting Trees and Mangrove Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular Carbon Economy (CCE): A Way to Invest CO2 and Protect the Environment, a Review

et al. 2021

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Increased levels of carbon dioxide have revolutionised the Earth; higher temperatures, melting icecaps, and flooding are now more prevalent. Fortunately, renewable energy mitigates this problem by making up 20% of human energy needs. However, from a “green environment” perspective, can carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere be reduced and eliminated? The carbon economic circle is an ideal solution to this problem, as it enables us to store, use, and remove carbon dioxide. This research introduces the circular carbon economy (CCE) and addresses its economic importance. Additionally, the paper discusses carbon capture and storage (CCS), and the utilisation of CO2. Furthermore, it explains current technologies and their future applications on environmental impact, CO2 capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS). Various opinions on the best way to achieve zero carbon emissions and on CO2 applications and their economic impact are also discussed. The circular carbon economy can be achieved through a highly transparent global administration that is supportive of advanced technologies that contribute to the efficient utilisation of energy sources. This global administration must also provide facilities to modernise and develop factories and power stations, based on emission-reducing technologies. Monitoring emissions in countries through a global monitoring network system, based on actual field measurements, linked to a worldwide database allows all stakeholders to track the change in greenhouse gas emissions. The process of sequestering carbon dioxide in the ocean is affected by the support for technologies and industries that adopt the principle of carbon recycling in order to maintain the balance. This includes supporting initiatives that contribute to increasing vegetation cover and preserving oceans from pollutants, especially chemicals and radioactive pollutants, which will undoubtedly affect the process of sequestering carbon dioxide in the oceans, and this will contribute significantly to maintaining carbon dioxide at acceptable levels.

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“…Through photosynthesis, seagrass can also sequester CO 2 from the atmosphere, which can then be transported through their roots and trapped in the sediment (Howard et al, 2017). Thus, along with mangroves, seagrass meadows are important contributors to carbon sequestration and storage (Garcias-Bonet et al, 2019;Shaltout et al, 2020). Specifically, in the Red Sea, two species of seagrasses, Halophila stipulacea, and Thalassia hempricii, appeared as the most vulnerable to warming and will likely be affected by future thermal stress in the southern region (Anton et al, 2020a).…”

Section: Seagrassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investing in Blue Natural Capital to Secure a Future for the Red Sea Ecosystems

et al. 2021

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For millennia, coastal and marine ecosystems have adapted and flourished in the Red Sea’s unique environment. Surrounded by deserts on all sides, the Red Sea is subjected to high dust inputs and receives very little freshwater input, and so harbors a high salinity. Coral reefs, seagrass meadows, and mangroves flourish in this environment and provide socio-economic and environmental benefits to the bordering coastlines and countries. Interestingly, while coral reef ecosystems are currently experiencing rapid decline on a global scale, those in the Red Sea appear to be in relatively better shape. That said, they are certainly not immune to the stressors that cause degradation, such as increasing ocean temperature, acidification and pollution. In many regions, ecosystems are already severely deteriorating and are further threatened by increasing population pressure and large coastal development projects. Degradation of these marine habitats will lead to environmental costs, as well as significant economic losses. Therefore, it will result in a missed opportunity for the bordering countries to develop a sustainable blue economy and integrate innovative nature-based solutions. Recognizing that securing the Red Sea ecosystems’ future must occur in synergy with continued social and economic growth, we developed an action plan for the conservation, restoration, and growth of marine environments of the Red Sea. We then investigated the level of resources for financial and economic investment that may incentivize these activities. This study presents a set of commercially viable financial investment strategies, ecological innovations, and sustainable development opportunities, which can, if implemented strategically, help ensure long-term economic benefits while promoting environmental conservation. We make a case for investing in blue natural capital and propose a strategic development model that relies on maintaining the health of natural ecosystems to safeguard the Red Sea’s sustainable development.

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Evaluation of the carbon sequestration capacity of arid mangroves along nutrient availability and salinity gradients along the Red Sea coastline of Saudi Arabia

Cited by 42 publications

References 67 publications

Climate and intertidal zonation drive variability in the carbon stocks of Sri Lankan mangrove forests

Climate and intertidal zonation drive variability in the carbon stocks of Sri Lankan mangrove forests

Circular Carbon Economy (CCE): A Way to Invest CO2 and Protect the Environment, a Review

Investing in Blue Natural Capital to Secure a Future for the Red Sea Ecosystems

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