Evaluation of saponin-rich extracts as natural alternative emulsifiers: A comparative study with pure Quillaja Bark saponin

Schreiner, Tatiana B.; Colucci, Giovana; Santamaria‐Echart, Arantzazu; Fernandes, Isabel P.; Dias, Madalena M.; Pinho, Simão P.; Barreiro, María Filomena

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126748

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…The sources mentioned above are the most used as emulsifiers in the saponin field, being them directly obtained from nature via extraction. Other examples of this class include puncture vine ( Tribulus terrestris ), fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum ), and butcher’s broom ( Ruscus aculeatus ) . However, other authors have worked with saponins obtained from agro-industrial wastes or byproducts.…”

Section: Sources Of Saponinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,70,71 The capacity to protect oil droplets from aggregation when the lipid phase crystallizes is another quillaja saponin feature, which is essential to prevent partial coalescence in the production of solid lipid nanoparticles or nanostructured lipid carriers. 9 The CMC of the quillaja saponins, which indicates the minimum amount of emulsifier to the formation of the first micelle, is in the range of 0.1 and 0.8 g/L, at 25 °C, 30,35,72 while the Tween family (synthetic emulsifiers) has a CMC around 0.014−0.031 g/L, at the same temperature. 73 Therefore, a well-established pattern is that natural emulsifier needs more quantity to form emulsions, being one of its disadvantages.…”

Section: Sources Of Saponinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…134 However, alternative techniques have been proposed such as conductivity, 14 spectroscopy, 134 dye solubilization, 46 and titration. 133 Different saponin-based extracts were subjected to the previously mentioned characterizations by our group, 35 as one can see in Figure 2. Tribulus terrestris, Trigonella foenumgraecum, and Ruscus aculeatus were positioned as potential emulsifiers, offering advantages over saponin pure forms, holding similar or even additional functional properties.…”

Section: Saponins For Nanoemulsion Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Saponins as Natural Emulsifiers for Nanoemulsions

Schreiner

Dias

Barreiro

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The awareness of sustainability approaches has focused attention on replacing synthetic emulsifiers with natural alternatives when formulating nanoemulsions. In this context, a comprehensive review of the different types of saponins being successfully used to form and stabilize nanoemulsions is presented, highlighting the most common natural sources and biosynthetic routes. Processes for their extraction and purification are also reviewed altogether with the recent advances for their characterization. Concerning the preparation of the nanoemulsions containing saponins, the focus has been initially given to screening methods, lipid phase used, and production procedures, but their characterization and delivery systems explored are also discussed. Most experimental outcomes showed that the saponins present high performance, but the challenges associated with the saponins' broader application, mainly the standardization for industrial use, are identified. Future perspectives report, among others, the emerging biotechnological processes and the use of byproducts in a circular economy context.

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Section: Sources Of Saponinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Saponinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Saponins For Nanoemulsion Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Saponins as Natural Emulsifiers for Nanoemulsions

Schreiner

Dias

Barreiro

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Emulsification of these native extracts significantly improves their performance in an infusion and can be achieved by micro-encapsulating the soft extract into micelles. Previous research has identified phospholipids, such as those obtained from sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) ( Komaiko et al, 2015 ), saponins, such as those obtained from the soapbark tree ( Quillaja saponaria Molina) ( Schreiner et al, 2021 ), and other emulsifiers as promising candidates for the creation of spontaneous micro-emulsions for oil-in-water systems. The types and characteristics of suitable extracts, including the use of different excipients for different types of extracts and applications, are summarized in Table 1 .…”

Section: Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability of botanical extracts as components of complex mixtures used in herbal tea infusions—challenges and opportunities

Brendler¹,

Brinckmann²,

Daoust³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Herbal tea is a mainstay dosage form in practically all systems of traditional medicine and widely used in modern alternative and complementary medicine. Incorporating botanical extracts into herbal tea formulations is of vital interest to manufacturers as it allows for the use of herbal ingredients that would otherwise not be suitable for the dosage form, for instance, dosing requirements, solubility in water, sensory constraints etc. Furthermore, reducing the amount of ingredients in a formula increases compliance with dosing recommendations and thus therapeutic benefit. However, formulating with botanical extracts comes with challenges, ranging from sourcing ingredients of appropriate quality, developing suitable methods for quality control with combinations of (herbal) ingredients, processing constraints such as hygroscopicity, solubility, dispersibility, homogeneity of distribution, and packaging machinability, all the way to stability required for hot-water infusion. We report on experiences with overcoming such challenges in a set of examples and provide guidance to the extract industry on how to tap into the bagged tea sector with better suited or tailor-made solutions for the formulator.

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“…Therefore, on consideration of the hypothesis that the encapsulation of volatiles has an effect on the long-lasting chemical stability of such molecules, the goal of this study was the nanoencapsulation of BP into an oil-in-water nanosystem, using Quillaja saponins (QSs) as a small-molecule surfactant for the NE stabilization. This surfactant was chosen since it is a natural and eco-friendly compound, which is aligned to the increasing consumer demands for “clean label” and sustainable products, presenting health claims, and a “natural” status . To trace the physicochemical stability of the nanoemulsified BP (BP-NE), the analysis was conducted up to the 280th day of storage at different temperatures (5, 25, and 50 °C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elaboration and Properties of an Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsion Loaded with a Terpene-Enriched Oil Mixture Obtained Biotechnologically

Felipe

Bicas

Moreira

et al. 2021

ACS Agric. Sci. Technol.

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Biotechnological production is an economical and sustainable pathway to produce some natural terpenes of major industrial importance such as limonene (LIM) and α-terpineol (α-TOH). Thus, in this article, the raw and nonpurified product obtained from the LIM biotransformation (mixture of soybean oil, LIM, and α-TOH), namely as a biotransformation product (BP), was encapsulated into nanoemulsion (NEs) using Quillaja saponins as a natural small-molecule surfactant. Since the long-term physicochemical stability of the NEs is questionable, the emulsion was kept at different storage temperatures (5, 25, 50 °C) up to 280 days, turbidity and mean droplet diameter being selected as destabilization criteria. Furthermore, gas chromatography was applied to track and monitor the concentration of LIM and α-TOH that could be retained in NEs over time. The NEs that were kept at both 5 and 25 °C were considered stable up to the 280th day, although these monoterpenes were more retained in an emulsion stored at 5 °C. The results also showed that the NEs displayed substantial physicochemical stability at room temperature, indicating that the encapsulation of the BP may work as an alternative natural-friendly nanocolloidal system to deliver these monoterpenes in foodstuff.

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Evaluation of saponin-rich extracts as natural alternative emulsifiers: A comparative study with pure Quillaja Bark saponin

Cited by 29 publications

References 71 publications

Saponins as Natural Emulsifiers for Nanoemulsions

Saponins as Natural Emulsifiers for Nanoemulsions

Suitability of botanical extracts as components of complex mixtures used in herbal tea infusions—challenges and opportunities

Elaboration and Properties of an Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsion Loaded with a Terpene-Enriched Oil Mixture Obtained Biotechnologically

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