Evaluation of pulsed electromagnetic field protocols in implant osseointegration: in vivo and in vitro study

Abstract

Objectives The present study aims to evaluate two protocols of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on osseointegration and establish one that addresses ideal parameters for its use in dentistry, especially in the optimization of the implants osseointegration process. Materials and methods Sixty male rats (Wistar) were allocated into three experimental groups: control (GC), test A (GTA, 3 h exposed), and test B (GTB, 1 h exposed). All animals received titanium implants in both tibias, and PEMF application (15 Hz, ± 1 mT, 5 days/week) occurred only in the test groups. They were euthanized at 03, 07, 21, and 45 days after PEMF therapy. Removal torque, histomorphometric measurements, three-dimensional radiographic evaluation, and in vitro biological assay analyses were performed. Results GTB showed better results compared with GTA in removal torque tests, in bone volume and bone mineral density, cell viability, total protein content, and mineralization nodules (p < 0.05). GTA showed better performance in trabecular bone thickness and cell proliferation compared with GTB (p < 0.05), especially at osseointegration early periods. In the histomorphometric analysis and number of trabeculae, there were no differences in the test groups. Conclusion PEMF as a biostimulator was effective in optimizing the events in bone tissue that lead to osseointegration, especially when applied for a shorter time and in the initial periods of bone healing. Clinical relevance The PEMF therapy is an effective alternative method for optimizing bone healing.

Effects of the Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Experimental Periodontitis and Estrogen Deficiency

“…[Midura et al, 2005; Androjna et al, 2014]. Animals from P and P + OVX groups (which did not receive therapy with PEMF) were also placed in the cage between the coils, at the same regime, but with the PEMF device turned off [Tucker et al, 2017; Nunes et al, 2021].…”

“…To confirm the success of ovariectomy, a macroscopic analysis of the uterine horns was performed on all animals. The hemimandibles were removed and fixed in a 10% formaldehyde solution, pH 7.4, for 48 h [Bagne et al, 2021; Nunes et al, 2021]. To histologic analyses, 10 specimens from each group were demineralized in 10% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and embedded in paraffin.…”

Biophysical therapy using the pulsating electromagnetic field as adjunctive therapy for implant osseointegration – A review

“…Nunes et al . 2021[ 23 ] evaluated two protocols of PEMF on osseointegration and establish one that addresses ideal parameters for its use in dentistry, especially in the optimization of the implants osseointegration process. Sixty male rats (Wistar) were allocated into three experimental groups: control (GC), test A (GTA, 3 h exposed), and test B (GTB, 1 h exposed).…”

Impacto Do Pulso Eletromagnético Sobre Os Tecidos Peri- Implantares: Análise Crítica Dos Efeitos Biológicos

“…Galli et al, (2019) em uma revisão sobre os efeitos dos PEMF's em osteoblastos. Emes et al, (2013); Ross et al, (2015); Wrobel et al, (2016); Daish et al, (2018); Chen et al, (2019) e Nunes et al, (2021), demostraram em seus trabalhos que o uso de PEMF influencia significativamente a osteogênese, aumentando a expressão gênica, deposição de matriz óssea, proliferação celular e diferenciação dessas células e produção de fosfatase alcalina (ALP), importante proteína, marcadora extracelular da diferenciação osteoblástica. Por outro lado, o estudo de Chang et al, (2004), concluiu que após a exposição com PEMF, houve uma diminuição na produção de fosfatase alcalina.…”