Evaluation of pasture allowance of manganese for ruminants

Abstract

The aim of study was to access the Mn contamination in soil, forages and animals. Heavy metal pollution is a matter of prime signi cance in natural environment. Through food chain toxicity of heavy metals and their bioaccumulation potential are transferred into humans .Higher concentrations of metallic compounds are toxic to living organisms but these are essential to maintain body metabolism.Intake of food crops polluted with heavy metals is chief food chain channel for human exposure. Animals are exposed to heavy metal stress by the intake of richly contaminated food crops those are chief part of food chain. We collected samples of soil, plant, animal blood, hair and faeces to nd contamination through wet digestion process in lab and metal analysis. Different forages were collected to study Mn calculation was our major concern in this study. Our present ndings also emphasized on the assessment of bio-concentration factor (BCF). We also calculated other signi cant indices i.e. Pollution load index (PLI), daily intake of metal (DIM), Health Risk Index (HRI) and Enrichment factor (EF). While the experimentation result showed different concentrations of metal in different seasons. When the Mn concentration in forages was (20.01-28.29 mg/kg) and in soil (5.27-8.90 mg/kg). Soil samples showed higher level of (PLI) Pollution load index. Bio-concentration of iron was (2.59-4.21 mg/kg). It can be concluded as regular monitoring of the level metal is essential evaluate the contamination status.

Cadmium (Cd) and Copper (Cu) Exposure and Bioaccumulation Arrays in Farm Ruminants: Impact of Forage Ecotypes, Ecological Sites and Body Organs

“…Through the consumption of contaminated forage crops, heavy metals were dissolved in the sheep, cow, and buffalo stomachs, taken into the blood, and integrated into the body's circulatory system. The blood circulatory system is a very sensitive system because the blood not only reflects how these metals are transported to different organs, but also serves as a crucial target for their harmful effects when Cd and Cu are present [47][48][49][50][51][52]. In the current investigation, Cd and Cu were assimilated into the blood, hair, and feces of cows, buffalo, and sheep through their blood, and their quantities were much greater after consuming metal-contaminated forages.…”

No evidence for persistent natural plague reservoirs in historical and modern Europe

“…These results support the hypothesis that the metal composition and availability (determined by soil texture, moisture content, and pH) in the soil environment, where it can be ingested by rodents, may be an important parameter influencing plague development in wild (sylvatic) rodents. Metal concentrations in soils might change the concentrations of the corresponding ions in both animals and humans through bioaccumulation along the food chain ( 28 – 30 ). Moreover, plague-competent host rodents were found in similar numbers in areas with and without plague reservoirs, suggesting that appropriate host species and suitable soil characteristics are necessary for the maintenance of plague reservoirs.…”

Evaluation of Cadmium and Copper Levels in Food Chain Under Arid Regions of Punjab, Pakistan

“…A spectrophotometer used for atomic absorption analysis was used to determine the zinc content of all produced samples. According to the methods described by Ge et al [13], statistical analysis and the least significance within samples were noticed. By using the following formula, PLI was used to assess metal contamination in soil:…”

“…The main food chain exposure route for humans is eating food crops that have been tainted with heavy metals [10][11][12]. Heavy metal stress in animals is caused by eating agricultural crops extremely tainted with toxic substances, which are the mainstay of the food web [13].…”