Evaluation of oxidative status in dogs with anemia

Abstract

SummaryThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between the oxidative status and the severity and type of anemia in dogs. A total of 70 dogs of various breeds, ages and of both sexes were enrolled in the study. Fifty dogs with anemia were classified according to the severity of anemia as mildly (n = 18), moderately (n = 18) or severely (n = 14) anemic on the basis of the hematocrit (HCT) value. Anemia in the same dogs was also classified according to the type as regenerative (n = 26) or non-regenerative (n = 24) on the basis of the absolute reticulocyte count. Twenty dogs were used as healthy control. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) values in plasma as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) activities in erythrocyte hemolysate were measured to evaluate the oxidative status. The plasma TOS value was increased in all anemic dogs, irrespective of the severity of anemia, whereas a significant increase in the TAC value and a significant decrease in erythrocyte GSH-Px activity were observed in mild and moderate anemia. Plasma TOS and TAC values were higher in dogs with both types of anemia when compared to the healthy group. A significant increase in plasma MDA concentration and a significant decrease in GSH-Px activity were observed in the non-regenerative anemia group. There were moderate negative correlations between HCT and TOS values in the mild anemia group and between HCT and erythrocyte GSH-Px activity in the regenerative anemia group. In conclusion, oxidative stress develops in dogs with anemia, and it is largely independent of the severity and type of anemia. These results suggest that further studies with different etiologies may also be useful for evaluating the efficacy of antioxidants administered at different doses and in different combinations to treat anemia in dogs.

Anti-oxidant effect of N-acetyl cysteine in dogs with chronic kidney disease

“…A significant increase in the mean total antioxidant level was found in animals of group I (434.94 ± 25.28 µM/L) and group II (449.05 ± 21.59 µM/L) compared to healthy dogs (292.31 ± 11.14 µM/L) before treatment. This was in accordance with the findings of Gultekin and Voyvoda (2017), who documented that plasma total antioxidant status values were found to be higher in dogs with non-regenerative anaemia associated with CKD. This might be due to the development of elaborate antioxidant defence mechanisms to limit the damage caused by ROS (McMichael, 2007).…”

“…This was in accordance with the findings of Kogika et al (2014), who documented a significantly higher concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), the breakdown product of lipid peroxidation in all dogs diagnosed with CKD compared to healthy controls. Similar findings were recorded by Gultekin and Voyvoda (2017), who observed a significant increase in plasma MDA levels in dogs with non-regenerative anaemia associated with CKD. This might be due to oxidative stress in CKD patients.…”

“…This was in agreement with the findings of Silva et al (2013), who described that plasma-derived GSH Px activity was found to be decreased in dogs with CKD when compared to the control group. Similarly, Gultekin and Voyvoda (2017) reported a significant decrease in GSH Px activity in dogs with non-regenerative anaemia associated with CKD. Costa-hong et al (2009) opined that the chronic inflammatory process in CKD patients resulted in decreased synthesis of GSH Px and further led to ROS production, thereby contributing to oxidative stress.…”

Glutathione peroxidase of blood of dogs and cats with mammary tumors

“…Так, у крові анемічних собак активність ензиму значно ниж-ча, ніж у здорових тваринами (Kendall et al, 2017). Також показана залежність цього показника від форми анемії у собак (Gultekin and Voyvoda, 2017), але не виявлено статистично вірогідних відмінностей в активності GPx у собак з серцевою недостатністю (Verk et al, 2017). Активність ензиму в крові собак зростає в перші 60 хв після анестезії пропофолом чи севофолураном (Tomsič et al, 2018), та в перші 30 хв після анестезії комбінацією дексмедетомідину, мідазоламу, буторфанолу та атропіну (Feng et al, 2015), проте згодом цей показник приходить до норми.…”

Epidemiological and histological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf governorate

“…Leishmaniasis spreads in areas where the summer is dry and its length of time is long, and the presence of dry sandy and desert areas has a significant impact on the spread of the vector and its relationship to heat and humidity so that the climate and dry environment are ideal conditions for the occurrence of infection and the active movement of the insect ( Goto , 2011) ) Leishmaniasis infections also increase in some months of the year, especially in September, October and the second, until they reach their peak in January and February, then decline and disappear in August (Gultekin, 2017).…”