Evaluation of Online Machine Translation by Nursing Users

Anazawa, Ryoko; Ishikawa, Hirono; Komamizu, Takahiro

doi:10.1097/nxn.0b013e3182999dc2

Cited by 10 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…MT has contributed to various educational fields, including nursing, science, and language. Nursing users have benefited from MT systems since it has enabled them to easily understand professional articles across the world [18]. In university science courses, it is not uncommon for biology and microbiology students to study bilingually using MT tools [19].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Machine-Translation-Assisted Language Learning for Sustainable Education

Deng

2022

Sustainability

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With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, machine translation (MT) has gained popularity in recent years. This study aims to present a systematic review of literature on MT-assisted language learning in terms of main users, theoretical frameworks, users’ attitudes, and the ways in which MT tools are integrated with language teaching and learning. To this end, relevant peer-reviewed articles (n = 26) were selected through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P) for further analysis. The findings revealed that the main MT users were undergraduate and graduate students. Both teachers and students held mixed attitudes for different reasons. It was also found that MT integration followed four steps, i.e., introduction, demonstration, task assignment, and reflection. The procedures of MT integration could be updated and perfected by introducing other features in the future.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Machine-Translation-Assisted Language Learning for Sustainable Education

Deng

2022

Sustainability

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“…In accordance with the WHO M&E framework [ 40 ], we identified 6 types of research designs across the selected articles ( Table 1 ; Multimedia Appendix 6 [ 29 , 42 - 86 ]): MT technology assessments (study type 1; 23/46, 50%) [ 29 , 43 - 46 , 48 , 50 - 52 , 54 - 59 , 62 , 68 , 72 - 74 , 77 , 85 , 86 ], technology stability standards (study type 2; 3/46, 7%) [ 66 , 71 , 81 ], prototype demonstrations (study type 3; 8/46, 17%) [ 61 , 63 , 69 , 79 , 80 , 82 - 84 ], usability studies (study type 4; 4/46, 9%) [ 42 , 47 , 64 , 65 ], economic evaluations (study type 5; 4/46, 9%) [ 49 , 70 , 75 , 78 ], and implementation research (study type 6; 4/46, 9%) [ 53 , 60 , 67 , 76 ]. Nearly three-quarters (34/46, 74%) of the articles [ 43 - 46 , 48 , 50 - 52 , 54 - 59 , 61 - 63 , 66 , 68 , 69 , 71 - 74 , 76 , 79 - 86 ] conducted monitoring studies (ie, study types 1, 2, and 3), whereas...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The monitoring studies adopted standard MT evaluation methods to measure the quality of MT output across various samples of health information material. Most of these studies focused on studying MT quality in terms of structural accuracy (28/34, 82%) [ 29 , 43 , 45 , 46 , 48 , 50 - 52 , 54 - 58 , 61 , 63 , 68 , 69 , 72 - 74 , 77 , 79 - 84 , 86 ] and fluency in unsupervised MT procedures (17/34, 50%) [ 44 - 46 , 50 , 51 , 54 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 62 , 66 , 71 , 72 , 77 , 80 , 81 , 85 ]. A quarter (8/28, 29%) of the articles [ 61 , 62 , 69 , 71 , 79 , 80 , 82 , 84 ] assessing structural accuracy supplemented their findings with standard automatic evaluation methods to verify the quality of MT output in comparison with the output of professional human translators.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few of the articles (5/34, 15%) [ 44 - 47 , 54 ] used sentences from nursing abstracts (4/5, 80%) [ 44 - 47 ] and technical glossaries and dictionaries (1/5, 20%) [ 54 ]. Most of these experiments (27/34, 79%) [ 29 , 43 - 46 , 48 , 50 - 52 , 54 - 59 , 61 , 63 , 66 , 68 , 74 , 77 , 80 - 82 , 85 , 86 ] recruited participants among PH professionals and certified translators with high proficiency in target and source languages or some experience with PH vocabulary. In general, discussions on ethical issues and quality inefficiencies across different languages did not address the impact of MT on possible information divides.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 70 statements were identified as principal findings in the discussion and conclusions sections within the 46 articles ( Multimedia Appendix 7 [ 29 , 42 - 86 ]). The majority (36/46, 78%) of the articles under review [ 29 , 42 - 46 , 48 , 50 - 52 , 54 - 59 , 61 - 63 , 66 , 68 , 69 , 71 - 74 , 76 , 77 , 79 - 84 , 86 ] drew conclusions regarding the level of technical readiness of MT, nearly half (21/46, 46%) [ 29 , 42 , 44 - 47 , 49 , 53 , 59 , 60 , 64 , 65 , 67 , 70 , 75 - 78 , 80 , 83 , 85 ] considered MT’s socioeconomic readiness, and more than a quarter (13/46, 28%) [ 50 - 52 , 57 , 58 , 64 , 66 , 68 , 72 , 76 , 83 , 85 , 86 ] discussed the ethicolegal readiness of the translation outcomes for PH operations. Overall, one-fifth (16/70, 23%) of the statements within the articles expressed optimism about the use of MT for PH purposes [ 29 , 42 , 47 , 53 , 58 , 59 , 61 ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of Machine Translation for Outreach and Health Communication in Epidemiology and Public Health: Scoping Review

Herrera-Espejel,

Rach

2023

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background Culturally and linguistically diverse groups are often underrepresented in population-based research and surveillance efforts, leading to biased study results and limited generalizability. These groups, often termed “hard-to-reach,” commonly encounter language barriers in the public health (PH) outreach material and information campaigns, reducing their involvement with the information. As a result, these groups are challenged by 2 effects: the medical and health knowledge is less tailored to their needs, and at the same time, it is less accessible for to them. Modern machine translation (MT) tools might offer a cost-effective solution to PH material language accessibility problems. Objective This scoping review aims to systematically investigate current use cases of MT specific to the fields of PH and epidemiology, with a particular interest in its use for population-based recruitment methods. Methods PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Xplore were searched to identify articles reporting on the use of MT in PH and epidemiological research for this PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews)–compliant scoping review. Information on communication scenarios, study designs and the principal findings of each article were mapped according to a settings approach, the World Health Organization monitoring and evaluation framework and the service readiness level framework, respectively. Results Of the 7186 articles identified, 46 (0.64%) were included in this review, with the earliest study dating from 2009. Most of the studies (17/46, 37%) discussed the application of MT to existing PH materials, limited to one-way communication between PH officials and addressed audiences. No specific article investigated the use of MT for recruiting linguistically diverse participants to population-based studies. Regarding study designs, nearly three-quarters (34/46, 74%) of the articles provided technical assessments of MT from 1 language (mainly English) to a few others (eg, Spanish, Chinese, or French). Only a few (12/46, 26%) explored end-user attitudes (mainly of PH employees), whereas none examined the legal or ethical implications of using MT. The experiments primarily involved PH experts with language proficiencies. Overall, more than half (38/70, 54% statements) of the summarizing results presented mixed and inconclusive views on the technical readiness of MT for PH information. Conclusions Using MT in epidemiology and PH can enhance outreach to linguistically diverse populations. The translation quality of current commercial MT solutions (eg, Google Translate and DeepL Translator) is sufficient if postediting is a mandatory step in the translation workflow. Postediting of legally or ethically sensitive material requires staff with adequate content knowledge in addition to sufficient language skills. Unsupervised MT is generally not recommended. Research on whether machine-translated texts are received differently by addressees is lacking, as well as research on MT in communication scenarios that warrant a response from the addressees.

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Assessing the availability and quality of Spanish‐language genetic resources for patients on the internet

Westrate

Brennan

Carmany

2020

Journal of Genetic Counseling

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In recent years, people increasingly are accessing health information on the Internet. A significant percentage of the United States (US) population has limited English proficiency with Spanish being the most common other language spoken. There is limited research on the presence or quality of Spanish‐language health information, particularly in genetics, on the Internet overall. Therefore, we aimed to assess the availability and quality of patient‐specific education resources in Spanish available on US‐based support group websites for a wide range of genetic conditions. We assessed 630 websites through the Disease InfoSearch website (http://www.diseaseinfosearch.org), created by Genetic Alliance, for the presence of Spanish genetic resources for patients with a new diagnosis of a genetic condition. Of these, 261 (41.4%) websites met study criteria for further evaluation. Of the 99 websites (37.9%) that had any Spanish content, 45 Spanish resources and a paired English resource from the same site met criteria for a quality assessment. Scoring was performed by two independent raters using Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP), a previously validated tool to assess the quality of written health information. The mean scores for Spanish and English resources were 57.3% and 58.4%, respectively, corresponding to a good quality score according to guidelines proposed by authors of EQIP. An independent two‐sample t test showed no significant difference in the mean quality scores between Spanish and English resources (p‐value = .506). Overall, we found limited availability of Spanish resources on the websites analyzed, but of those identified, there was no difference between the quality of Spanish resources and the paired English resources from the same site. These results highlight the need for genetics professionals to advocate for the creation of more Spanish patient resources. However, genetics professionals can have some reassurance that if a support group does produce a Spanish resource, it likely has comparable quality to its English equivalent.

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Evaluation of Online Machine Translation by Nursing Users

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

A Systematic Review of Machine-Translation-Assisted Language Learning for Sustainable Education

A Systematic Review of Machine-Translation-Assisted Language Learning for Sustainable Education

The Use of Machine Translation for Outreach and Health Communication in Epidemiology and Public Health: Scoping Review

Assessing the availability and quality of Spanish‐language genetic resources for patients on the internet

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