Evaluation of Leptin and HOMA-Adiponectin in Hypothyroid Infertile Females

Abstract

Introduction:Thyroid hormones and leptin is a perfect pair that maintains homeostasis of metabolic profile and abnormality in thyroid hormone levels potentiates insulin resistant state.The intriguing relationship between obesity and hypothyroidism is related by the key element leptin leading to consequent clinical implications. The severity of insulin resistance in hypothyroid and adipocytokine levels relate to the chance of pregnancy in infertile women. Aim:To assess the Leptin, insulin resistance and HOMA-adiponectin in Hypothyroid infertile women. Settings and Design:It is an Observational Cross-sectional work conducted in women with 20 to 40 years of age. About 180 infertile females were screened at the Obstetric& Gynecology OPD. 86 married women were categorized as groups: Euthyroid (A) –included fertile women who had TSH and FT4 within normal reference range. Subclinical Hypothyroidism (B) - infertile women with raised TSH ranging from 4.6 – 20 mIU/ml and normal FT4 Overt hypothyroid (C)- includedinfertile women with elevated TSH greater than 20 mIU/ml and decreased free T4 level. Methods and Material:Measurement of adiposity indices that includes calculated parameters such as BMI, WHR, waist circumference / height ratio and body roundness index. Fasting serum sample was collected and analysed for FT3, FT4, TSH, prolactin, insulin. Using Biovendor and DRG Human kit based on ELISA; Adiponectin and Leptin levels was estimated respectively. HOMA-IR and HOMA-adiponectin were calculated. Results:Mean Leptin concentrations and HOMA-adiponectin were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in Overt hypothyroid infertile women as compared to euthyroid and subclinical hypothyroid infertile women. Leptin had significantly positive correlation with TSH, FT3/FT4 ratio whereas negatively correlated with FT4. Significant positive correlation was observed with HOMA-IR and HOMA- adiponectin in hypothyroid infertile women. Conclusions:The study concludes that in hypothyroid infertile women having high leptin levels with reduced insulin sensitivity as related with increased HOMA-adiponectin. Analysis of thyroid profile, insulin sensitivity state along with leptin is mandatory to regulate ovulatory process in infertile women.

Leptin hormone and its effectiveness in reproduction, metabolism, immunity, diabetes, hopes and ambitions

“…Leptin hormones interact with a receptor in the hypothalamus, suppressing hunger and stimulating satiety; this is done by interacting with several receptors such as neuropeptide Y (a hunger promoter) [ 6 ], as well as anandamide, which is another hunger promoter shared with tetrahydrocannabinol, which binds to the same receptors [ 7 ]. Moreover, it increases the synthesis of α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), which suppresses hunger; such appetite suppression is long-term.…”