Evaluation of inert markers for the determination of ileal and faecal apparent digestibility values in the pig

Jagger, S.; Wiseman, J.; Cole, D. J. A.; Craigon, J.

doi:10.1079/bjn19920129

Cited by 134 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…chemically analyzable, totally indigestible and unabsorbable, nontoxic, pass through the GIT in a constant rate, and homogeneously mixed in the feed and feces (Jagger et al, 1992;. Chromic oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ), acid insoluble ash (AIA), and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) are commonly used index compounds to determine ileal and fecal apparent digestibility values (Jagger et al, 1992;Jørgensen et al, 1997;Scott and Boldaji, 1997).…”

Section: Index Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of collection method and diet effects on apparent digestibility and energy values of swine diets1

Tran

Bundy

et al. 2016

Journal of Animal Science

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Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of collection method and diet on estimating digestibility values. In Exp. 1, 24 barrows were fed either a cornsoybean meal diet (CSBM) or CSBM with 20% dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). Fecal collections were based on exact timing (Day collection) or marker-tomarker collection (MM) methods during a 4-d period. Diets contained 0.5% of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) for estimating digestibility using the index method. In Exp. 2, the effects of collection method and basal diet on determination of DDGS digestibility were studied using 24 barrows. Diets were CSBM (basal 1), barley-canola meal diet (BCM; basal 2), and 20% of basal 1 or basal 2 replaced by DDGS (total 1 and total 2). Day and MM methods were administered for each individual pig by separate collections and measurements of feces. In Exp. 1, Day and MM methods were not different (P > 0.10) on estimation of digestibility values, except that ME values tended to be greater (0.05 < P < 0.10) when estimated using Day vs. MM methods; whereas, digestibility estimates and dietary energy values were about 0.5% and 20 kcal/kg lower (P < 0.05) estimated using the index vs. total collection (Day and MM) methods. In Exp. 2, digestibility estimates of diets and DDGS were not different (P > 0.10) calculated using Day and MM methods.The average DE and ME (kcal/kg, as-fed) of DDGS were 4,035 and 3,704, respectively estimated using basal 1, which were not different (P > 0.10) from using basal 2 (4,081 and 3,651, respectively). In conclusion, digestibility values of a complex diet and DDGS are not different when estimated by Day or MM method. When corn-soybean meal based diets are fed, digestibility estimates are lower using the index method compared to the total collection method. Additionally, basal diets may not affect DDGS digestibility estimates.

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Section: Index Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of collection method and diet effects on apparent digestibility and energy values of swine diets1

Tran

Bundy

et al. 2016

Journal of Animal Science

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“…The determination of the apparent digestibility of the diets was carried out through the traditional method of feces Total Collection and using the external marker of digestibility LIPE® according to [5], Chromium according to [6], and Titanium according to [7], and Short et al 1996; through calculations and laboratory analyses. The experimental period was 12 days, 7 days for adjustment to the cages, diets and for determination of intake, and 5 days for collection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification and Determination of Starch in Diets Using Different Methodologies: Infrared Spectroscopy with Fourier Transformer, Laser Diffraction and Enzymatic Analysis

Nunes¹,

Salíba²,

Fontes³

et al. 2017

AJAC

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A digestibility experiment was conducted in the Animal Nutrition Laboratory of the Veterinary School of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Protocol ethics committee for work with animal experimentation CETEA/ UFMG 212/2010, in order to validate the instrumental techniques Laser Diffraction (Partica) and Infrared Spectroscopy with Fourier Transformer (FTIR) method, as replacement methods of the reference (Enzymatic Analysis) Technique, of starch quantification in diets of growing pigs. The experiment lasted 12 days (7 days of adaptation to the cage and diet and 5 days of total collection). Fifteen barrows with average weight of ±25 kg and 65 days old were used for this study. A completely randomized experimental design was adopted, with split plots and subplots. The plots were the diets (1-Reference, 2-Reference + inclusion of 30% micronized soybean and 3-Reference +30% substitution of plasma) and the subplots were the techniques (Partica, FTIR and Enzymatic Technique, with five repetitions (animals) per diet). The results obtained with the Partica and FTIR techniques were compared to the reference method. There was no statistical difference (p > 5%) between these techniques evaluated in comparison to the reference method to quantify starch. However, it was observed that the FTIR technique was different from the reference method for (p > 5%) overestimating the means of evaluated samples.

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“…The experimental growing diets were given from 21 to 63 days. The growing diets contained titanium dioxide (5 g/kg feed) to determine apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and lipid digestibility at the beginning and at the end of the growing period (Jagger et al, 1992;Short et al, 1996). Diets were sampled to determine crude fiber (NF V03-040), starch (enzymatic method, NF V18-121), total protein (Kjeldhal method, NF ISO 5983-1) and lipid (Soxhlet method, NF ISO 11085) contents.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source

Baéza

Gondret

Chartrin

et al. 2015

Animal

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The increasing use of unconventional feedstuffs in chicken's diets results in the substitution of starch by lipids as the main dietary energy source. To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age. The diet had no effect on growth performance and did not affect body composition evaluated at 63 days of age. Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet. In Pectoralis major (PM) muscle, energy metabolisms and glycogen content were not different between diets. There were no dietary-associated differences in lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat. However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL. The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line. Fat chickens were heavier than lean chickens at 63 days of age. Their carcass fatness was higher and their muscle yield was lower than those of lean chickens. The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver were lower in the fat line than in the lean line, but line did not affect energy metabolism in muscles. The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens. Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat did not differ between lines, but fat chickens stored less MUFA and more PUFA in abdominal fat and muscles than lean chickens. Except for the fatty acid composition of liver and abdominal fat, no interaction between line and diet was observed. In conclusion, the amount of lipids stored in muscles and fatty tissues by lean or fat chickens did not depend on the dietary energy source.Keywords: chicken, energy metabolism, fatty acid composition, lipid deposition, starch ImplicationsBroiler production is facing to an increasing incorporation (Slominski et al., 2004; Bregendhal, 2008) of unconventional feedstuffs (rapeseed meal, beet pulps, palm kernel cake and distiller's dried grains with solubles) containing more fibers in diets. To restore suitable energy content, fat may be added to fiber rich diets, so that energy source is changed from starch to lipids. Divergently selected chicken lines for body fatness are pertinent experimental models to unravel energy metabolism pathways and body composition and to test possible interactions between genetics and nutrition. Our study showed that these lines are able to use starch ...

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Evaluation of inert markers for the determination of ileal and faecal apparent digestibility values in the pig

Cited by 134 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluation of collection method and diet effects on apparent digestibility and energy values of swine diets1

Evaluation of collection method and diet effects on apparent digestibility and energy values of swine diets1

Quantification and Determination of Starch in Diets Using Different Methodologies: Infrared Spectroscopy with Fourier Transformer, Laser Diffraction and Enzymatic Analysis

The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source

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