Evaluation of Human Papillomavirus Type 5 on Frozen Sections of Multiple Lesions from Transplant Recipients with in situ Hybridization and Non-lsotopic Probes

Abstract

Transplant recipients are at high risk to develop multiple cutaneous lesions after grafting. The frequency of the potentially oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) type 5 DNA was evaluated in cutaneous lesions taken from sun-exposed areas in transplant recipients (92 lesions and 5 samples from normal skin) and compared with a nontransplanted population (22 lesions and 7 samples from normal skin) using in situ hybridization and biotinylated probes to HPV types 1 2, 5, 16 and 18. HPV type 5 DNA was identified in 8/92 cutaneous lesions of transplanted recipients: 3 warts, 1 case of seborrheic keratosis, 2 actinic keratoses and 2 keratoacanthomas. HPV type 5 DNA was not detected in 27 malignant tumors (8 basal cell carcinomas and 19 squamous cell carcinomas) from transplant recipients. HPV DNA type 5 was detected in only 1 case of squamous cell carcinoma from the general population. The presence of HPV DNA 5 was confirmed with Southern blotting in 2 out of 6 cases from transplant recipients. The reaction was negative with the squamous cell carcinoma from nontransplant recipients. These data indicate that the presence of HPV DNA type 5 is not very frequent; it can be detected with in situ hybridization and nonisotopic probe, which is easier to handle than Southern blot.

Prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA in cutaneous neoplasms from renal allograft recipients supports a possible viral role in tumour promotion

“…The prevalence of HPV DNA was closely similar throughout the spectrum of cutaneous neoplasia in RARs: 42% of keratoses, 33% of IECs and 43% of SCCs contained HPV DNA, but only 16% of uninvolved skin was positive (Table VI), not dissimilar to some other reports (Soler et al, 1992). This pattern differs from that found in cervical neoplasia in which the prevalence of HPV (of specific 'high-risk' types) increases throughout the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia spectrum (Stanley, 1990;Arends et al, 1991Arends et al, , 1993Lorincz et al, 1992).…”

“…Moreover, all 15 positive specimens in that study came from four patients at exceptionally high risk of development of cutaneous lesions, each of whom had multiple SCCs. The balance of evidence now suggests that HPV 5 and 8 DNA is found relatively infrequently in tumours from RARs (Lutzner et al, 1980(Lutzner et al, , 1983Rudlinger et al, 1986;Van der Leest, 1987;Soler et al, 1992).…”

“…Histologically, viral warts and keratotic lesions in RARs often exhibit varying degrees of epidermal dysplasia, while SCCs develop on a background of verrucous keratoses and may retain HPVassociated features. However, the detection of HPV DNA in the cutaneous SCC of RARs has been somewhat controversial, with EV-associated types and a variety of common cutaneous and genital HPV types being identified in some, but not all, studies (Lutzner et al, 1980;Van der Leest et al, 1987;Barr et al, 1989;Dyall-Smith et al, 1991;Soler et al, 1992).…”

Absence of Human Papillomavirus DNA in Nongenital Seborrheic Keratosis

“…Seborrheic keratoses (SK), which are benign epidermal tumors, are similar and often confused with warts in their clinical and/ or histological appearance. These similarities have led investigators to study the role of HPV in the pathogenesis of seborrheic keratoses (6)(7)(8)(9)(10).…”

Renal allograft recipients with high susceptibility to cutaneous malignancy have an increased prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA in skin tumours and a greater risk of anogenital malignancy

“…In situ hybridization, Southern hybridization and PCR techniques detected HPV DNA in 37-54% SCCs from RARs, including anogenital, cutaneous and EV types of HPV (Muller et al, 1989;Eliezri et al, 1990;Euvrard et al, 1991; Soler et al, 1992;Stark et al, 1994a). Uncharacterized HPV types have been found in benign and malignant skin tumours using either degenerate PCR primers (Shamanin et al, 1994), multiple complementary sets of consensus PCR primers (Tieben et al, 1994) or nested PCR assays (Berkhout et al, 1995).…”