Evaluation of free radical scavenging activity of an ayurvedic formulation, <i> Panchvalkala</i>

Abstract

We report the free radical scavenging activity of an Ayurvedic preparation Panchvalkala and its individual components (stem bark of Ficus benghalensis, F. glomerata, F. religiosa, F. virens and Thespesia populnea). Being stem barks, these samples contain phenolics (ranging from 3.5% to 10.8% w/w) and tannins (1.6% to 7.0% w/w). This prompted us to study the free radical scavenging activity of Panchvalkala and its components which was evaluated in three in vitro models viz. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay. Panchvalkala and its individual components showed significant antiradical activity by bleaching 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (EC50 ranging from 7.27 to 12.08 µg) which was comparable to pyrogallol (EC50 4.85 µg). Thin layer chromatography of the methanol extracts when sprayed with 0.2% 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl in methanol revealed several bands with antiradical activity as seen by bleaching of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. All the samples showed good superoxide scavenging potential (EC50 ranging from 41.55 to 73.56 µg) comparable to ascorbic acid (EC50 45.39 µg) in a dose-dependent manner. The reduction ability, Fe3+ to Fe2+ transformation was found to increase with increasing concentrations of all the sample extracts.

In vitro evaluation of antioxidant activity of Cordia dichotoma (Forst f.) bark

“…[15] It was measured by a decrease in absorbance at 516 nm of a solution of colored DPPH in methanol brought about by the sample. [161718] A stock solution of DPPH (1.3 mg/mL in methanol) was prepared.…”

Study of Variations in the Extraction Yield, Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activities of the Bark of F. religiosa as a Function of Extraction Procedure

“…The total phenolic contents in the extract of the bark of F. religiosa increased from 3.90±0.16 g/100 g DW to 6.75±0.28 g/100 g DW while applying the least efficient combination of solvent and technique (absolute ethanol and orbital shaker) to the most efficient combination (80% methanol and sonication) applied. Anandjiwala et al, (2008) [41] reported TPC by using 100% methanol as solvent in the stem bark of F. religiosa equal to 7.89±0.01% (w/w). The reported value for the stem bark of F. religiosa was higher than our result for the stem bark of [42,43].…”

Oxidative responses and defense mechanism of hyperpigmented P. aeruginosa as characterized by proteomics and metabolomics

“…Then, chloroform was applied for rapidly extraction of water soluble and un-soluble pigments. The dark-brown substances were solubilized in water and evaporated and the SOD-like activity was determined by NBT assay (Anandjiwala et al, 2008[ 2 ]). The reaction mixture consisted of 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.6), 20 µg riboflavin, 12 mM EDTA, and NBT 0.1 mg/3 ml.…”