Evaluation of energy loss in motorcycle-to-car collisions

Vangi, Dario; Cialdai, Carlo

doi:10.1080/13588265.2014.899072

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As an application of the formulation here proposed, for the six tests described above, the relative velocity was estimated using equation (4) and equation (6), evaluating the kinetic energy loss with the method presented by Vangi and Cialdai, 7 i.e. as if they were real accident cases in which the energy loss is evaluated by analysing deformations.…”

Section: Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…as if they were real accident cases in which the energy loss is evaluated by analysing deformations. As an alternative to the method presented by Vangi and Cialdai, 7 any other model can be applied which estimates the value of the actual energy loss.…”

Section: Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vangi and Cialdai 7 developed a method for evaluating the car’s kinetic energy loss by applying the triangle method 8–10 to this kind of collision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Motorcycle-to-car impact: influence of the mass of the rider in the calculation of the relative impact velocity

Cialdai

Vangi

Virga

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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In this paper an analysis method for a collision between a motorcycle and a car is presented, with the limitation that the frontal part of the motorcycle is involved, with wheelbase shortening. The velocities of the vehicles before the collision are usually the most important information for analysis of an accident and its causes, and therefore the methods to succeed in estimating these velocities are of great importance. The work focuses on finding an empirical formulation for the relative velocity between the motorcycle and the other vehicle, starting from the kinetic energy loss due to the collision and allowing for the mass of the motorcycle’s rider at the moment of collision. The equation was found by numerically simulating seven different impact configurations between a car and a motorcycle, with various impact velocities and masses in predefined ranges. Experimental crash tests conducted between a car and a motorcycle and the use of a high-speed video camera allowed the motion of the two-wheeler and its driver to be studied during the impact. A series of tests on crashes between a motorcycle with a rider and a vehicle was carried out, which also allowed validation of the formulation found.

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Section: Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Motorcycle-to-car impact: influence of the mass of the rider in the calculation of the relative impact velocity

Cialdai

Vangi

Virga

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…The EES [6,39,39] defines the amount of energy to deform the vehicle [7,24,38,32,33] while impacting a rigid obstacle, i.e. only plastic deformations occur and the entire kinetic energy accumulated by the vehicle is transferred to deformation work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Method of Vehicle Velocity Determination Based on Inverse System and Tensor Product of Legendre Polynomials - Intermediate Class

Gosławski

Gralewski

Krukowski

et al. 2019

The Archives of Automotive Engineering – Archiwum Motoryzacji

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Presented paper discusses two different nonlinear approaches to precrash velocity determination for vehicles from Intermediate Car Class. Data that was used to perform analyses introduced in this paper was taken from National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) database. Such database is comprised of substantial number of crash cases and main focus was put on frontal impacts. Hitherto used energy methods are based on linear model which proves to be inaccurate and producing significant errors. Presented considerations concern the inverse system and tensor product of Legendre polynomials. The focus of those methods is to establish the value of nonlinear coefficient which is the slope factor of precrash velocity Vt and deformation ratio Cs function. The application of the least square method provides more precise results in both cases than in previously researched solutions, with a slight advantage of the tensor product method. The obtained mean relative error of the velocity determination using the inverse system method is approximately 16,22% for the linear model and 10,58% for the nonlinear model. In the case of the tensor product method the errors for linear and nonlinear models are respectively 6,74% and 6,3%.

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“…A thorough analysis is the starting point for investigating accident phenomena and for mitigating their consequences. In recent years, the scientific community has studied models and correlations to improve accident reconstruction [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and comprehension (in terms of the kinematics, the human behaviour and the risk factors inherent in infrastructures and their interactions with the driver and the vehicle). In the majority of road accidents, typical phases can be identified which are addressed separately in the reconstruction: pre-impact, impact and post-impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deceleration of sliding motorcycles (mainly scooters) in accident reconstructions

Cialdai

Vangi

Virga

2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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This paper presents an analysis of the situation in which a two-wheeler (i.e. a motorcycle, where the term motorcycles includes scooters) falls over to the side and then successively slides; this typically occurs in road accidents involving this type of vehicle. Knowing the deceleration rate of the sliding phase allows the kinetic energy dissipated and the speed of the motorcycle just before the fall to the ground to be calculated. These parameters are very important in the analysis and reconstruction of accidents. The work presented in this paper was developed in two experimental test sessions on fully faired motorcycles which are mainly of the scooter type and widely used in urban areas. In the first session, sliding tests were carried out, with the speed in the range 10-50 km/h, on three different types of road surface. Analysis of the evidence allowed the dissipative main phases of motion of the motorcycle (the impact with the ground, the rebounds and the stabilized swiping) to be identified and some factors affecting the phenomenon to be studied. The coefficient of average deceleration was calculated using two typical equations. The second test session consisted of drag tests. In these tests, the motorcycle, which had previously laid on its side, was dragged for a few metres at a constant speed of about 20 km/h, while the drag force was measured. A comparison of the results obtained in these tests with those obtained in the sliding tests yielded very good agreement in the coefficients of deceleration.

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Evaluation of energy loss in motorcycle-to-car collisions

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Motorcycle-to-car impact: influence of the mass of the rider in the calculation of the relative impact velocity

Motorcycle-to-car impact: influence of the mass of the rider in the calculation of the relative impact velocity

Nonlinear Method of Vehicle Velocity Determination Based on Inverse System and Tensor Product of Legendre Polynomials - Intermediate Class

Deceleration of sliding motorcycles (mainly scooters) in accident reconstructions

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