Evaluation of ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases and their interpretation in the clinical situation

Angel, Jacinth; Thomas, Marina; Appalaraju, B

doi:10.4103/0972-1282.158776

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Aligning with our findings, a research in Saudi Arabia found nucleus speckled pattern (79.5%) as the most frequent, followed by the homogeneous (11.4%) pattern [ 12 ]. Conversely, a Swedish study with 219 patients recorded the frequency of the nucleus speckled pattern at only 22%; the nucleus homogeneous pattern (54.3%) was more prevalent than the speckled pattern, with the mixed (homogeneous and speckled) pattern coming in third at 11.0% [ 13 ].Similarly, in a study conducted in South India, majority of SLE patients showed a nucleus homogenous pattern (31%), followed by a nucleus speckled pattern (17%)[ 14 ]. Data from the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics, detailing 1,137 newly diagnosed SLE patients, showed that the nucleus speckled pattern constituted less than 1% of the total, while the majority exhibited other nuclear (77.1%) or a combination of cytoplasmic and mitotic cell (15.1%) patterns [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Retrospective Study on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients and Its Correlation With Serological Markers

Ramachandran,

Kumar,

Sankaralingam

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease. Detection of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) aids in the diagnosis of SLE. The indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay is often used a routine screening test for the detection of ANA. The pathogenic role and significance of various patterns produced in IIF is yet to be explored. Aim: This study aimed to detect ANA patterns generated by IIF and correlate these patterns with specific antibodies detected by line immunoassay. We also investigated the significance of each ANA pattern and its association with specific serological SLE markers, such as complement molecules, anti-dsDNA, antiphospholipid antibody, and C-reactive protein (CRP), along with associations with direct Coombs test (DCT). Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective study that included 204 patients newly diagnosed with SLE according to the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology/American College of Rheumatology (EULAR/ACR) criteria. The detection and pattern determination of ANA was performed by IIF using HEp-20-10. Furthermore, line immunoassay was performed, and the antibody profile of each sample was obtained. Other immunodiagnostic markers were analyzed, including C3, C4, anti-dsDNA, antiphospholipid antibodies (anti-cardiolipin antibodies, anti-beta-2-glycoprotein I, and lupus anticoagulant), CRP, and DCT. Results: Of the 204 samples, the most frequent ANA pattern observed was nucleus speckled (52.9%), followed by nucleus homogenous (27.5%), mixed (13.7%), and cytoplasm speckled (5.9%). The nucleus homogenous pattern showed the most pathogenic immune profile due to its close association with markers of disease activity, namely, high anti-dsDNA titer, low C3 level, and DCT positivity. Conclusion: This study showed that the most common pattern associated with SLE is nucleus speckled, followed by the nucleus homogenous pattern. Based on associations with specific serological markers, the nucleus homogenous pattern may be linked to a high disease activity in SLE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Retrospective Study on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients and Its Correlation With Serological Markers

Ramachandran,

Kumar,

Sankaralingam

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“Correlation of Specific Ana(iif) Pattern and Antibodies Detected in Ana Blot Test in Various Autoimmune Disorders: A Prospective Study”

Bokey

Deshmukh

Soni

et al. 2022

ijsr

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Background: One of the central features of the immune system is the capacity to mount an inammatory response to potentially harmful foreign materials while avoiding damage to self-tissues. Autoimmunity is dened as an immune response leading to reaction with self-antigen, this may be a harmless phenomenon, identied only by the presence of low-titre autoantibodies or autoreactive T cells. These are a major cause of chronic morbidity and disability, affecting up to 1 in 30 adults at some point during life. Autoimmune diseases result from the failure of immune tolerance, the process by which the immune system recognises and accepts self-tissue. Materials And Methods Hospital based Observational study. Total 152 cases were studied with suspected connective tissue disorders attending OPD/IPD in tertiary care hospital in One and a half years (January 2020 to July 2021), but only 57 out 0f 152 cases were screened by ANA IIF Test and ANA BLOT Test both. Result: ANA positivity was more observed in females. Autoimmune disorder was more common in the age group of 20-40 years about 22 cases (38.6%). Most common pattern observed was Homogenous (n=20, 48.78%). Most common band observed is dsDNA (14.92%) followed by SS/RO 60 (13.43%) PO (11.94%), Histone (10.44%) and Nucleosome (10.44%). The sensitivity, specicity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of ANA Blot after comparing it with ANA IIF is 70.73 %, 87.50%, 93.54%, 53.84% respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, detection of ANA by indirect immunouorescence is the most cost - effective screening test in investigating autoimmune disease. ALine-Immuno Assay is performed for further conrmation and detection of specic antibody in sera which can be quantitated with ELISA/RIA/CLIA methods and can help in assessing the prognosis, disease activity and monitoring of therapy for a particular auto-immune disorder. However, despite their easy use, line immunoassays have some drawbacks including lack of sensitivity and specicity for certain antigens.

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Evaluation of ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases and their interpretation in the clinical situation

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

A Retrospective Study on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients and Its Correlation With Serological Markers

A Retrospective Study on Antinuclear Antibody Patterns in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients and Its Correlation With Serological Markers

“Correlation of Specific Ana(iif) Pattern and Antibodies Detected in Ana Blot Test in Various Autoimmune Disorders: A Prospective Study”

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