Background: One of the central features of the immune system is the capacity to mount an inammatory response to potentially harmful foreign
materials while avoiding damage to self-tissues. Autoimmunity is dened as an immune response leading to reaction with self-antigen, this may be
a harmless phenomenon, identied only by the presence of low-titre autoantibodies or autoreactive T cells. These are a major cause of chronic
morbidity and disability, affecting up to 1 in 30 adults at some point during life. Autoimmune diseases result from the failure of immune tolerance,
the process by which the immune system recognises and accepts self-tissue. Materials And Methods Hospital based Observational study. Total
152 cases were studied with suspected connective tissue disorders attending OPD/IPD in tertiary care hospital in One and a half years (January
2020 to July 2021), but only 57 out 0f 152 cases were screened by ANA IIF Test and ANA BLOT Test both. Result: ANA positivity was more
observed in females. Autoimmune disorder was more common in the age group of 20-40 years about 22 cases (38.6%). Most common pattern
observed was Homogenous (n=20, 48.78%). Most common band observed is dsDNA (14.92%) followed by SS/RO 60 (13.43%) PO (11.94%),
Histone (10.44%) and Nucleosome (10.44%). The sensitivity, specicity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of ANA Blot after
comparing it with ANA IIF is 70.73 %, 87.50%, 93.54%, 53.84% respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, detection of ANA by indirect
immunouorescence is the most cost - effective screening test in investigating autoimmune disease. ALine-Immuno Assay is performed for further
conrmation and detection of specic antibody in sera which can be quantitated with ELISA/RIA/CLIA methods and can help in assessing the
prognosis, disease activity and monitoring of therapy for a particular auto-immune disorder. However, despite their easy use, line immunoassays
have some drawbacks including lack of sensitivity and specicity for certain antigens.
ACC is a rare malignant tumor that affects most commonly the major and minor salivary glands and rarely the paranasal sinuses, lacrimal gland, larynx, ear, vulva, and so forth. The maxillary sinus when affected is considered having a poor prognosis due to delayed diagnosis and delayed treatment credited to its slow spread, late symptoms, and complex anatomy which hampers surgical resection. The expressions of tumor markers too have a significant role in determining the prognosis. The treatment of choice consists of wide radical resection of the tumor followed by radiotherapy. Rehabilitation options in cases with huge maxillary defects still need further exploration.
Background: A blood screening is a procedure that is mandatory in health care services to reduce the incidence of transfusion-transmitted
infections (TTI). Numerous studies have found a correlation between ABO blood groups and a various infectious and non-infectious diseases.
Some blood groups may even act as receptors and ligand for various infectious agent. Cross sectional observationalMaterials and Methods:
study, conducted over a period of one & half years at Blood Centre and Component Lab, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Memorial Medical College,
Amravati. Total 14515 healthy donors were collected and their blood samples were subjected to blood grouping and TTI testing. AmongResults:
all the donors, B Positive was the most common blood group accounting for 4730 (32.59%) donors. Overall seropositivity for TTI was 236 (1.62%)
cases. Seropositivity among replacement blood donors (16.25%) was more compared to voluntary blood donors (1.26%). Hepatitis B infection was
most common (1.14%) infection among all TTIs. Maximum seropositivity was observed in A Positive blood group (1.99%) followed by B Positive
(1.88%) blood group. Even though no signicant association betweenABO and Rh blood groups was observed with TTIs, Hepatitis BConclusion:
was the most common infection found in blood donors. This high prevalence points towards the need for a comprehensive public health approach to
eliminate TTI.
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