Evaluation of different electrolyte systems and on-line preconcentrations for the analysis of haloacetic acids by capillary zone electrophoresis

Martínez, Diego Luis Valera; Borrull, Francesc; Calull, Marta

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(98)01036-x

Cited by 58 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The same authors performed another study in which four different electrolyte systems, on-line preconcentration and reversal of EOF are investigated (Martínez et al, 1999). Among the electrolyte systems used in this study were: (1) 12 mM phthalate (pH = 6); (2) 4 mM NDC (pH = 7.5); (3) 20 mM borate (pH = 9.6); and (4) 10 mM chromate (pH = 8.7).…”

Section: Capillary Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the weak UV absorption of the HAAs is less noticeable with CE methods, because it is difficult to achieve low LODs to begin with. Lower LODs can be achieved with CE methods using a UV detector either by concentrating samples (Kim et al, Martínez et al, 1998aMartínez et al, , 1999 or by using indirect UV detection. Indirect UV detection involves adding a chromophore to the mobile phase in order to saturate the UV detector.…”

Section: Ultraviolet Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of analytical methods for the determination of trichloroethylene and its major metabolites chloral hydrate, trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid

Delinsky

Bruckner

Bartlett

2005

Biomedical Chromatography

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Trichloroethylene (TCE) and some of its metabolites are potentially carcinogenic compounds that the general population is commonly exposed to in drinking water. Concentrations of TCE, dichloroacetic acid (DCA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) given to laboratory animals in cancer bioassays are high, whereas drinking water levels of the compounds are very low. It is not clear whether the trace amounts of TCE, DCA and TCA in drinking water pose a cancer risk to humans. The accuracy of pharmacokinetic studies relies on the analytical method from which blood and tissue concentration data are obtained. Models that extrapolate cancer risks of TCE and its metabolites from laboratory animals to humans, in turn, rely on the results of pharmacokinetic studies. Therefore, it is essential to have reliable analytical methods for the analysis of TCE and its metabolites. This paper reviews the methods currently in the literature for the analysis of TCE, DCA, TCA and, to a lesser extent, chloral hydrate (CH). Additional aspects of analytical methods such as method validation, species preservation and future directions in the analysis of TCE and its metabolites are also discussed.

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Section: Capillary Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ultraviolet Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of analytical methods for the determination of trichloroethylene and its major metabolites chloral hydrate, trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid

Delinsky

Bruckner

Bartlett

2005

Biomedical Chromatography

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“…Furthermore, the recent research on the analysis of HAAs by using ion chromatography after its enrichment with SPE or by using capillary electrophoresis has been published as well. [28][29][30][31][32] However, the analytical method regarding haloamides is not well worked. Richardson 33 measured TCAD in drinking water by using GC with mass spectrometry (GC-MS method), and Rapp 34 measured DCAD and TCAD by the same method as that used for the HANs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Fluorimetric Determination of On-line Preconcentrated HANs, DCAD and TCAD by Using RPLC with a Postcolumn Derivatization System

Jung¹,

Choi

2013

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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A simultaneous analytical method has been developed for the fluorimetric determination of haloacetonitriles (HANs) [dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN), trichloroacetonitrile (TCAN), dibromoacetonitrile (DBAN), haloacetamides [dichloroacetamide (DCAD), and trichloroacetamde (TCAD)] in drinking water by using the combined on-line perconcentration/reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)-postcolumn detection system. This on-line perconcentration system was achieved by employing a precolumn packed with a commercial solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbent for the enrichment and purification of the target analytes. The haloacetonitriles and haloacetamides were separated on CN analytical column in a 7.5% methanol-0.02 M phosphate buffered mobile phase at pH 3. The column effluents were reacted with postcolumn reagents of ophthaldialdehyde (OPA) and sulfite ion at pH 11.5, to produce a highly fluorescent isoindole fluorophore, which were measured with a fluorescence detector. Under the optimized conditions for RPLC and the postcolumn derivatization system all of the coefficient of determination of the standard calibration curves for the target analytes were over 0.99 and had a linear range from 5 to 100 µg/L. The detection limits showed 1.6 µg/L for DCAD, 0.1 µg/L for TCAD, 0.6 µg/L for DCAN, 1.6 µg/L for TCAN and 1 µg/L for DBAN, and the recoveries were ranged from 64 to 99% except for DCAD with precisions less than 4.9% in distilled water, and from 72(± 4%) to 116%(± 2%) in tap water.

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“…[16] The determination of HAAs without derivatization was possible with ion chromatography [17][18] or capillary zone electrophoresis. [19] These methods are able to achieve low detection limits, but still with a significant consumption of time and labor. Also in 1999 a method for the analysis of six HAAs using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography with ion-trap mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC/ITMS) was developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of haloacetic acids in water and air (aerosols) from indoor swimming pools using HS-SPME/GC/ECD

Sá

Boaventura

Pereira

2012

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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A solid phase microextraction method was used for the analysis of nine haloacetic acids (HAAs) in water and air (aerosols) from indoor swimming pools (ISPs). The analysis is characterized by derivatization of HAAs to their methyl-esters with dimethyl sulphate, headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with a Carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane (CAR-PDMS) fiber and gas chromatography -electron capture detector (GC/ECD). High correlation coefficients were obtained for esters mixture calibration lines and detection limits were found to be at the low ppb level. Repeatability was assessed and coefficients of variation varied from 10 to 20%. Reproducibility was also evaluated and coefficients of variation from 15 to 25% were obtained. Analytical results from four Portuguese ISPs showed that the mean concentration of total HAAs (THAAs) in water ranged from 10 ± 2 to 183 ± 28 µg/L in which 55 ± 20% corresponded to trichloroacetic and dichloroacetic acids (TCAA and DCAA). THAAs highest concentrations were directly related to higher ISPs' water organic matter content. In the lack of European specific regulation for water from ISPs and taking into consideration that ingestion is a form of exposure, THAAs concentration values were compared with drinking water maximum contamination level (MCL) of 60 µg/L proposed by the US EPA for the sum of five HAAs. In 35% of water sampling campaigns the sum of MBAA (monobromoacetic acid), MCAA (monochloroacetic acid), DCAA and TCAA exceeded that MCL value. The concentrations obtained for THAAs in the ISPs' atmosphere ranged from 5 ± 1 to 64 ± 10 µg/m 3 (T = 28 • C at 5 cm above the water surface) and were proportional to the aerosols' quantity, which was deeply related to indoor air ventilation system.

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Evaluation of different electrolyte systems and on-line preconcentrations for the analysis of haloacetic acids by capillary zone electrophoresis

Cited by 58 publications

References 32 publications

A review of analytical methods for the determination of trichloroethylene and its major metabolites chloral hydrate, trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid

A review of analytical methods for the determination of trichloroethylene and its major metabolites chloral hydrate, trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid

Simultaneous Fluorimetric Determination of On-line Preconcentrated HANs, DCAD and TCAD by Using RPLC with a Postcolumn Derivatization System

Analysis of haloacetic acids in water and air (aerosols) from indoor swimming pools using HS-SPME/GC/ECD

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