Evaluation of Di-Butoxy Glycerol (DBG) for Use As a Diesel Fuel Blend Component

Spooner-Wyman, Joia K.; Appleby, Donald B.; Yost, Douglas M.

doi:10.4271/2003-01-2281

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In the process of biodiesel production through basic catalysis, glycerol is obtained as a coproduct in an amount equal to 10% of the esters by weight. Thus, in the interest of maintaining international glycerol value, a combination of biodiesel and glycerol ethers has been suggested by Spooner-Wyman et al as an additive to diesel fuel . The study used a screening methodology to evaluate some glycerol derivatives.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, in the interest of maintaining international glycerol value, a combination of biodiesel and glycerol ethers has been suggested by Spooner-Wyman et al as an additive to diesel fuel. 116 The study used a screening methodology to evaluate some glycerol derivatives. The total PM, total volatile fraction, NOx, CO, THC, CO 2 , and O 2 were measured for several blends and a base fuel.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Additives for Diesel and Diesel Blended (Ethanol or Biodiesel) Fuels: A Review

et al. 2007

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Around the world, there is a growing increase in biofuels consumption, mainly ethanol and biodiesel as well as their blends with diesel that reduce the cost impact of biofuels while retaining some of the advantages of the biofuels. This increase is due to several factors like decreasing the dependence on imported petroleum; providing a market for the excess production of vegetable oils and animal fats; using renewable and biodegradable fuels; reducing global warming due to its closed carbon cycle by CO2 recycling; increasing lubricity; and reducing substantially the exhaust emissions of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and particulate emissions from diesel engines. However, there are major drawbacks in the use of biofuel blends as NOx tends to be higher, the intervals of motor parts replacement such as fuel filters are reduced and degradation by chronic exposure of varnish deposits in fuel tanks and fuel lines, paint, concrete, and paving occurs as some materials are incompatible. Here, fuel additives become indispensable tools not only to decrease these drawbacks but also to produce specified products that meet international and regional standards like EN 14214, ASTM D 6751, and DIN EN 14214, allowing the fuels trade to take place. Additives improve ignition and combustion efficiency, stabilize fuel mixtures, protect the motor from abrasion and wax deposition, and reduce pollutant emissions, among other features. Two basic trends are becoming more relevant: the progressive reduction of sulfur content and the increased use of biofuels. Several additives' compositions may be used as long as they keep the basic chemical functions that are active.

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Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Additives for Diesel and Diesel Blended (Ethanol or Biodiesel) Fuels: A Review

et al. 2007

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“…To investigate the effects of glycerol ethers on some basic fuel properties, produced glycerol ethers were blended with corn oil biodiesel. If all glycerol obtained from biodiesel production were incorporated into glycerol ethers synthesis, a roughly blending ratio of 10% would occur [37]. Therefore, a blending ratio of 10 vol% was chosen in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofuel additive production from glycerol and determination of its effect on some fuel properties

Çakmak

Özcan

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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In this study, the effects of glycerol ethers as a biobased additive on some important fuel properties of the diesel-biodiesel blend are investigated. For this, firstly, glycerol ethers are synthesized by the etherification reaction of glycerol with tert-butyl alcohol with the presence of Amberlyst-15 as an acidic catalyst. The process of synthesis is followed by analyzing product composition through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Lastly, synthesized glycerol tert-butyl ethers are mixed with a diesel-biodiesel blend, and the effects of glycerol ethers on the fuel properties are determined. The analysis results show that glycerol tert-butyl ether mixture consists of mono-and di-ethers of glycerol. Due to the dehydration reaction and hindrance effect, the tri-ether of glycerol is not generated. The outcomes of determination of fuel properties reveal that glycerol ethers can be blended with a biodiesel-diesel mixture without any significant change in the fuel properties by fully meeting the ASTM D7467 standard, indicating glycerol ethers could serve as a biobased additive to diesel-biodiesel blend.

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“…of the total product [32]. If all glycerol obtained from biodiesel production were incorporated into glycerol ethers synthesis, a roughly blending ratio of 10% would occur [33]. Therefore, a blending ratio of 10 vol.% was chosen in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of glycerol tert-butyl ethers as renewable fuel additive

Çakmak

Özcan

2020

International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies

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The aim of this research is the investigation of using glycerol tert-butyl ethers as a bio-renewable fuel additive to diesel-biodiesel blend in a diesel engine. In this context, an experimental study was carried out to synthesize glycerol tert-butyl ethers and investigate the effect of glycerol ethers on diesel engine performance and emissions. Glycerol tert-butyl ethers were synthesized by the etherification reaction of glycerol with tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) in a high-pressure stainless steel batch reactor using Amberlyst-15 as solid acidic catalyst. Produced glycerol ethers were mixed by 2 vol.% with a biodiesel-diesel blend to investigate the glycerol ethers usage as a fuel additive in a diesel engine. Three test fuels were considered for the experiments: (i) diesel fuel, (ii) B20 (80 vol.% diesel + 20 vol.% corn oil biodiesel); (iii) BD+GTBEs (80 vol.% diesel + 18 vol.% corn oil biodiesel + 2 vol.% glycerol tert-butyl ethers). Some basic fuel properties of test fuels were determined prior to engine tests. Engine performance and emissions tests were performed on a single-cylinder research diesel engine at four brake power output. The results revealed that the addition of glycerol tert-butyl ethers in the fuel showed no significant effect on determined fuel properties and caused a decrease in engine performance and exhaust emissions except for CO emissions when compared to base diesel fuel. However, BD+GTBEs presented similar performance and emissions characteristics with B20, as a consequence, glycerol tert-butyl ethers have the possibility of being utilized as a bio-renewable fuel additive to diesel-biodiesel blends.

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Evaluation of Di-Butoxy Glycerol (DBG) for Use As a Diesel Fuel Blend Component

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

The Role of Additives for Diesel and Diesel Blended (Ethanol or Biodiesel) Fuels: A Review

The Role of Additives for Diesel and Diesel Blended (Ethanol or Biodiesel) Fuels: A Review

Biofuel additive production from glycerol and determination of its effect on some fuel properties

Evaluation of glycerol tert-butyl ethers as renewable fuel additive

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