Evaluation of Cell Proliferation and Wound Healing Effects of Vitamin A Palmitate-Loaded PLGA/Chitosan-Coated PLGA Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization, Release, and Release Kinetics

Abstract

In this study, vitamin A palmitate (VAP)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/chitosan-coated PLGA nanoparticle (NP) systems were prepared by the nanoprecipitation technique. The prepared systems were characterized by parameters such as particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), ζ-potential, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro dissolution, and release kinetic study. Then, the cytotoxicity and wound healing profiles of the designed NP formulations in HaCaT (human keratinocyte skin cell lines) were determined. The particle size of VAP-loaded NPs was obtained between 196.33 ± 0.65 and 669.23 ± 5.49 nm. PDI data proved that all NPs were prepared as high quality and monodisperse. While negative ζ-potential values of Blank-NP-1 and NP-1 encoded PLGA NP formulations were obtained, positive ζ-potential was obtained in chitosan-coated NPs. In vitro release studies of NPs observed rapid dissolution in the first 1–6 h, but prolonged dissolution of VAP after rapid dissolution. As a result of cell culture studies and wound healing activity studies, it was determined that NP-7 was the most effective. It was thought that the reason for this was that the NP-7 coded formulation was a chitosan-coated PLGA nanoparticle with the smallest particle size, and it was concluded that the efficiency of VAP was increased with its nanoparticle structure. This study demonstrated the similar wound healing effects of VAP-loaded nanoparticle systems, in particular NP-7, which increases keratinocyte cell proliferation at lower concentrations (10 μg·mL–1) than vitamin A alone (100 μg·mL–1). VAP-loaded nanocarriers that can be used in the pharmaceutical industry have been successfully produced and the results obtained have been evaluated as promising for this industry.

Hypericum perforatum Oil and Vitamin A Palmitate-Loaded Gelatin Nanofibers Cross-Linked by Tannic Acid as Wound Dressings

“…perforatum oil-doped poly (ϵ-caprolactone)/gelatin nanofibers and observed that HPO loading was a better alternative for diabetic wounds than aloe vera . However, VAP has a dose-dependent wound healing activity . Although, the cell proliferation of the Gt–TA–HPO–VAP nanofiber mat is in an acceptable range, it can be said that an optimization study might be carried out to increase the cell proliferation of the nanofiber mats by changing the VAP amount.…”

Comparison of five retinoids for anti‐photoaging therapy: Evaluation of anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative activities in vitro and therapeutic efficacy in vivo

“…Therefore, current studies are increasingly focusing on different formulations to reduce drug irritation and improve drug stability, such as combining with other therapeutics to attenuate irritation or to obtain synergistic effects [32][33][34][35][36] Additionally, certain encapsulation carriers were tested to deliver retinoids more efficiently. For example, liposomes 37,38 and other nano-scale carriers 39,40 have been widely used in the retinoid cosmetics industry.…”

Chitosan-Coated Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Nanoparticles Loaded with Ursolic Acid for Breast Cancer Therapy

“…Chitosan-coated poly­(lactic- co -glycolic acid) (PLGA/CS) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely employed for drug delivery applications because of their high biocompatibility and sustained release properties. − PLGA/CS NPs can encapsulate a variety of cargo, such as vitamins, corticosteroids, anticancer agents, , and phytochemicals . Positive charges on chitosan provide a mucoadhesive effect, increase cellular internalization, and enhance anticancer efficacy.…”