Evaluation of boron waste and barite against radiation

Abstract

Turkey has the world's largest boron reserves. Colemanite is one of these minerals. A large amount of waste is produced during the production of boric acid from colemanite. In this study, usability of boron wastes (BW, borogypsum) and barite as a radiation shielding materials was investigated. Six compositions were shaped with various ratios of borogypsum and barite. After drying, shaped samples were sintered at 1050 °C. Sintered samples were evaluated for density, water absorption, porosity and gamma ray radiation shielding. The best attenuation coefficients were 0.225678, 0.148848 and 0.142652 cm −1 at 662, 1173 and 1332 keV photon energies, respectively.

Deep Insights into the Radiation Shielding Features of Heavy Minerals in Their Native Status: Implications for Their Physical, Mineralogical, Geochemical, and Morphological Properties

“…Moreover, the γ-ray attenuation efficiency of the barite sample is higher than that of the hematite sample by about 51%. This can be attributed to the following: (1) the barite sample has a higher density and compactness than the hematite sample does (Table 2 and Figure 8), which is in agreement with [67], (2) the barite sample is mainly composed of barium (Ba), which has a higher atomic number (Z = 56) than iron (Z = 26), which is the main component of the hematite sample (Table 3), and (3) in the hematite sample, the high secondary γ-ray emissions from PuBe contributed to the deterioration of the attenuation capacity as a result of (a) the inelastic scattering of the fast neutrons with different energies inside the sample [68], (b) the neutron interactions especially of energies >0.5 MeV with Fe nuclei, and (c) the radiative capture of the slow neutrons [69].…”

Investigation of boron waste usage in civil engineering applications

“…Çelen et al (2019) [31] examined the physical properties and usability of barite as a radiation shielding material with the addition of up to 50% boron waste. According to the experimental results, as the amount of borogypsum increased the porosity percentage and water absorption percentage decreased.…”

“…It is hoped that this study will shed light on the researches to be carried out by evaluating the boron minerals and wastes in civil engineering applications. Production of gamma ray shielding material Borogypsum Colemanite concentrator waste [10] Plaster material Calcined borax waste 2009 [11] Artificial lightweight aggregates Sieve boron-containing waste Dewatering boron-containing waste 2011 [13] Pozzolanic material in concrete Boron waste found in Kırka 2012 [14] Production of cement Colemanite concentrator waste 2013 [15] Building materials Boron waste found in Emet [16] Bricks Boron pond waste found in Kırka [17] Filler material in asphalt concrete Borogypsum [36] Asphalt mixtures Colemanite waste [37] Subbase layer of the road pavement Borogypsum [43] Production of cement Boron waste found in Kırka 2014 [1] Radiation impermeability properties of mortars Colemanite waste [18] Cement mortars Calcined borogypsum Uncalcined borogypsum 2015 [19] Production of belite cement Boron waste found in Kırka 2016 [21] Insulation materials Colemanite waste [22] Production of cement Colemanite concentrator waste [23] Asphalt concrete pavements Boron waste found in Kırka [38] Road base material Borax waste [44] Cement mortars Boron derivative waste 2017 [24] Soil stabilization Slime waste [45] Ceramic wall and floor tiles Boron-rich mining wastes 2018 [25] Cement mortars Borogypsum Borax waste [26] Dynamic properties of kaolinite and montmorillonite clays Pulverized boron waste found in Kırka [46] Early strength of lightweight concrete Tincal waste 2019 [27] Pumice bricks Boron waste found in Kırka [28] Bricks Boron waste found in Emet [29] Cement mortars Colemanite waste powder [30] Radiation shielding material Borogypsum [31] Cement mortars Borogypsum [32] Asphalt concrete production Crushed boron waste found in Kırka [40] Lightweight concrete Boron waste found in Kırka 2020…”

A comprehensive analysis on radiation shielding characteristics of borogypsum (boron waste) by Phy-X/PSD code

“…Mass attenuation coefficients measured at 59.54 and 80.99 keV of concrete samples including BG and colemanite were studied by Demir and Keles ¸ [11]. Celen et al [12] studied the linear attenuation coefficient of BG-barite composition at 662, 1173 and 1332 keV. The linear attenuation coefficients obtained at the photon energies of 662, 1173 and 1332 keV of panels containing BG produced with mineral additives were determined by Celen and Evcin [13].…”