Evaluation of bithionol as a bath treatment for amoebic gill disease caused by Neoparamoeba spp.

Florent, Renee L.; Becker, Joy A.; Powell, Mark D.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.10.018

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Additionally, applying antibiotics into the cultivated water causes more expense because of the large amount of antibiotic required; therefore, bath immersion with a high concentration in a small volume of solution may be the most effective option. In this study, we believed that long-term exposure to high concentrations would be toxic to the shrimp, so the maximum time for bath duration was 5 h. Moreover, several studies proposed that a maximum exposure time ranging from 5-h to 6-h are sufficient for bath treatment (Lewbart et al 1997;Florent et al 2007;Udomkusonsri, Arthitvong, Klangkaew & Kusucharit 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…However, alternative technique for testing the toxicity and treating the diseases on tested animal has involved bath administration or dip treatment (Grady, Moloney & Smith ; Mladineo, Marsic‐Lucic & Buzancic ; Florent et al . ). The advantages of this technique are reduced waste, low cost and less environmental contamination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Florent et al . () reported that a 1‐h bath treatment using a bithionol concentration of 1 μg mL −1 was non‐toxic and effective at controlling amoebic gill disease in Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the exposure time at 30 min showed the greatest effect on the survival rate, means for groups in homogeneous subset (Tukey's Post Hoc test) of exposure time for 30 min and 1 h were not significantly different; therefore, 1 h could be used in the treatment instead of 30 min; moreover, the longer exposure period, the greater the inhibition of the pathogen. Florent et al (2007) reported that a 1-h bath treatment using a bithionol concentration of 1 lg mL À1 was nontoxic and effective at controlling amoebic gill disease in Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chlorella sp. was fed to the fairy shrimp once a day and feed was withheld one day prior to the experiments (Florent, Becker & Powell 2007).…”

Section: Tested Fairy Shrimpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bath efficacy of sodium hypochlorite, oxytetracycline dihydrate and chloramphenicol against bacterial black disease in fairy shrimpBranchinella thailandensis

2012

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To control black disease infecting fairy shrimp Branchinella thailandensis, the effects of concentrations and exposure time to three effective antimicrobials, which inhibited the pathogens in vitro, were evaluated. Exposure to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) caused a great toxicological response in the shrimp, 100% mortality was observed within 30 min-2 h at 5-20 lg mL À1 . For oxytetracycline dihydrate (OTC) and chloramphenicol (CP), shortterm exposure to four high concentrations up to 5 h and long-term exposure (12 days) to four low concentrations were used to determine an appropriate method for bath efficacy. Long-term exposure to low concentrations was more toxic than the short-term. Short-term exposure to OTC showed the highest survival rate and CP was considered more toxic. The minimum survival rate of the shrimp exposed to both antibiotics at 250 lg mL À1 for 3 h was 83.3%. For determination of the bath efficacy, a short-term exposure (3 h) to OTC and CP was conducted using artificially infected shrimp. Administration of OTC and CP at 250 and 500 lg mL À1 resulted in the highest survival rates of 56.7% and 46.7% respectively. This study demonstrated that bath administration with OTC could be an alternative method for the treatment of black disease in fairy shrimp cultivation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chlorella sp. was fed to the fairy shrimp once a day and feed was withheld one day prior to the experiments (Florent, Becker & Powell 2007).…”

Section: Tested Fairy Shrimpmentioning

confidence: 99%