“…Cytokines and the molecules associated with cytolytic effector functions of T lymphocytes have long been studied as surrogates of AR and as possible candidates to the development of a non-invasive diagnostic tool [18][19][20][21][22][23]. Although with some good initial results, none of the proposed markers studied, until now, are being used routinely in the clinical practice or gained full acceptance.…”
“…Cytokines and the molecules associated with cytolytic effector functions of T lymphocytes have long been studied as surrogates of AR and as possible candidates to the development of a non-invasive diagnostic tool [18][19][20][21][22][23]. Although with some good initial results, none of the proposed markers studied, until now, are being used routinely in the clinical practice or gained full acceptance.…”
“…Other studies have shown decreased expression of Fas (CD95) on peripheral blood lymphocytes but increased Fas (CD95) expression on tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with renal cell carcinoma in comparison with healthy volunteers [31]. However, other studies suggest that peripheral blood mononuclear cells of kidney transplant recipients are more susceptible to activation-induced cell death and that the Fas-FasL pathways is involved in this process [32]. Similar results were obtained in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.…”
The utility of specific apoptosis markers in peripheral blood for diagnosis of acute cellular rejection is low. Everolimus may have an anti-apoptotic effect.
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