Evaluation of antioxidant, antinociceptive, and anti‐inflammatory activities of ethanol extracts from Aloe saponaria Haw.

Abstract

Aloe species are traditionally prescribed for hypertension, burning, and rheumatoid arthritis. To elucidate the mechanism of the antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory activities of this herb, the ethanol fraction from A. saponaria Haw. was evaluated for antioxidative activity using xanthine-xanthine oxidase (XO) assay, 2,2-Diphenyl-lpicrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cell, and antinociceptive activity using a tail-flick assay and hind paw pressure assay in cisplatin-treated hyperalgesic rats. The ethanol fraction displayed potent antioxidative activities in XO assay. In addition, ethanol fractions showed potent scavenging effects in DPPH assay. We next examined whether ethanol fractions showed anti-inflammatory activities. Ethanol fractions significantly suppressed NO production from LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. As expected, ethanol fractions dose-dependently inhibited the messenger RNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Moreover, ethanol fractions potently suppressed the expression of cycloxygenase (COX)-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which are stimulated by LPS in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, ethanol fractions significantly blocked cisplatin-induced hyperalgesia using tail-flick assay and hind paw pressure test in rats. Taken altogether, ethanol extracts of aloe may be useful as a functional food or as a drug against reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated diseases.

Phenolic Constituents, Antioxidant and Preliminary Antimycoplasmic Activities of Leaf Skin and Flowers of Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (syn. A. barbadensis Mill.) from the Canary Islands (Spain)

“…The chemistry of the aloe plant has been studied for many years from a number of viewpoints [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. Interest has centered on the parenchyma gel and its well-known therapeutic properties.…”

“…Among the purported benefits of Aloe vera not supported by experimental or clinical data are the following: treatment of acne, haemorrhoids, psoriasis, anemia, glaucoma, petit ulcer, tuberculosis, blindness, seborrhoeic dermatitis, and fungal infections [2]. Several reports have demonstrated the antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the aloe species [3,4]. In addition, recent studies have shown the anti-cancer effect of aloe-emodin, an anthraquinone compound present in the leaves of Aloe vera [5].…”

Aloe veraextract activity on human corneal cells

“…Aloe vera is used both internally and externally on humans in a form of alternative medicine as well as in the home in first aid. It has been shown that Aloe vera expresses wound-and burn-healing effects and shows immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, UV protective, antioxidant, antiviral, antitumor and antidiabetic activities (Lee et al, 2000;Choi & Chung, 2003;Sarkar et al, 2005;Yoo et al, 2008;Kigondu et al, 2009;Ozsoy et al, 2009). Telefo et al (1998Telefo et al ( , 2002Telefo et al ( , 2004) also demonstrated the effect of Aloe vera on the reproductive system in rats where the plant extract regulated the steroidogenesis and hormone levels, menstrual cycle, ovarian and uterine weight and was used to treat dysmenorrhea or infertility.…”

“…Telefo et al (1998Telefo et al ( , 2002Telefo et al ( , 2004) also demonstrated the effect of Aloe vera on the reproductive system in rats where the plant extract regulated the steroidogenesis and hormone levels, menstrual cycle, ovarian and uterine weight and was used to treat dysmenorrhea or infertility. These medicinal properties are mainly mediated through biologically active components in Aloe vera and its extracts such as anthraquinones, flavonoids, phenolic acids, antioxidant vitamins, enzymes and other non-nutrient compounds of the plant (Choi & Chung, 2003;Hu et al, 2003;Yoo et al, 2008). Pharmacological action of Aloe vera extracts is closely related to cytokine network maintenance or radical level stabilization among others in eye tissue.…”

Effect of Carbon Sources and Sucrose Concentrations on Shoot Organogenesis of Aloe saponaria

“…Furthermore, it has been used as an agent in treatment of peptic ulcers, diabetes mellitus, and cancer 8,10 . The ethanol extract of A. saponaria has pharmacological properties, including anti-oxidant, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory activity 11 . Research on medicinal active compounds of Aloe has developed in scope during the last three decades and the production or transformation of valueadded compounds, which are medicinally important, still needs to be investigated.…”