Evaluation of a risk-screening questionnaire to detect equine lung inflammation: Results of a large field study

Wasko, A.; Barkema, Herman W.; Nicol, J.; Fernandez, Nicole J; Logie, Natalie; Léguillette, Renaud

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00150.x

Cited by 48 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…Studies based on convenience samples of Standardbred racehorses64 and pleasure horses and ponies11, 39 found no associations between tracheal mucus scores and age. Clinical signs of IAD such as excess mucus were found to last between 3 and 9 weeks on average in Thoroughbred racehorses,24, 68 while signs can persist for months to years in nonracehorses 14.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Occasional coughing can also indicate an increased risk of developing RAO 21. Cough can occur at rest or even more frequently early during exercise,39 but the absence of reported or observed cough does not rule out IAD 39, 40. Questionnaires were found to be effective in identifying cases of severe airway inflammation like RAO,8, 39, 40 whereas their usefulness for distinguishing IAD‐affected horses from controls, based on owner‐reported clinical history, seems limited 39, 40.…”

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cough can occur at rest or even more frequently early during exercise,39 but the absence of reported or observed cough does not rule out IAD 39, 40. Questionnaires were found to be effective in identifying cases of severe airway inflammation like RAO,8, 39, 40 whereas their usefulness for distinguishing IAD‐affected horses from controls, based on owner‐reported clinical history, seems limited 39, 40. Thoracic auscultation usually does not reveal abnormalities, but some IAD‐affected horses can exhibit increased breath sounds or subtle wheezes, particularly during rebreathing maneuvers 27, 36…”

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inflammatory Airway Disease of Horses—Revised Consensus Statement

Couëtil

Cardwell

Gerber

et al. 2016

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Inflammatory Airway Disease of Horses—Revised Consensus Statement

Couëtil

Cardwell

Gerber

et al. 2016

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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321

662

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“…1 Recurrent airway obstruction usually affects horses over 7 years of age and is typically a chronic condition associated with exercise intolerance and respiratory signs at rest. 1,2 Typically, IAD is a subclinical disease that presents as poor performance in racehorses or sport horses performing intense exercise and is associated with exerciseinduced hypoxaemia. 1,2 Typically, IAD is a subclinical disease that presents as poor performance in racehorses or sport horses performing intense exercise and is associated with exerciseinduced hypoxaemia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot study to quantify the time to clear dexamethasone from plasma and urine of adult horses following a single nebulisation

et al. 2019

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Objective To quantify the time to clear dexamethasone from plasma and urine of horses following a single nebulisation.Design Experimental using six Standardbred mares.Methods Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (0.04 mg/kg) diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride was administered as an aerosol using a Flexineb E2® nebuliser. Blood samples (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 32, 48, 72 and 96 h) and urine samples (0, 1, 4, 8, 24, 32, 48, 72 and 96 h) were collected for analysis using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.Results Maximum plasma concentrations (t max ) were reached by the earliest detection point (2 h) after nebulisation (0.6--1.8 ng/mL), but was no longer detectable at 48 h. However, in one horse 0.1 ng/mL was found at 96 h after three consecutive readings of 0 ng/mL. The t max in urine was reached by the earliest collection point (1 h) after nebulisation (3.2-23.8 ng/mL), but was no longer present in urine at 72 h in five horses, while detectable levels (0.1 ng/mL) were still present at 96 h in one horse.Conclusions A single dose of 0.04 mg/kg of DSP administered as an aerosol through a FlexinebE2® mask was no longer detectable in blood at 48 h in six horses tested, but one horse returned a reading of 0.1 ng/mL at 96 h after having no detectable levels. Dexamethasone was not detectable in urine at 72 h in five horses but was detectable at a low concentration (0.1 ng/mL) at 96 h in one horse.

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“…Mild equine asthma (inflammatory airway disease [IAD]), together with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) and summer pasture‐associated obstructive pulmonary disease, comprise the equine inflammatory respiratory diseases . The prevalence of IAD is high and can affect horses of any age and discipline . It can impact performance in both racehorses and sport horses .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dexamethasone and Fluticasone on Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Horses With Inflammatory Airway Disease

Léguillette

Tohver

Bond

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundAirway hyperresponsiveness (AWHR), expressed as hypersensitivity (PC 75 RL) or hyperreactivity (slope of the histamine dose‐response curve), is a feature of inflammatory airway disease (IAD) or mild equine asthma in horses. Glucocorticoids are used empirically to treat IAD.ObjectivesTo determine whether dexamethasone (DEX) (0.05 mg/kg IM q24h) and inhaled fluticasone (FLUT) (3,000 μg q12h) administered by inhalation are effective in decreasing AWHR, lung inflammation, and clinical signs in horses with IAD.MethodsA randomized crossover study design was used. Eight horses with IAD were assigned to a treatment group with either DEX or FLUT. Measured outcomes included lung mechanics during bronchoprovocative challenges, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology, and scoring of clinical signs during exercise.ResultsDexamethasone and FLUT abolished the increase in RL by 75% at any histamine bronchoprovocative dose in all horses after the first week of treatment. However, after 2 weeks of FLUT treatment, 1 horse redeveloped hypersensitivity. There was a significant decrease in the number of lymphocytes after treatment with both DEX and FLUT (P = .039 for both) but no significant differences in other BALF cell types or total cell counts (P > .05). There was no difference in the scoring of the clinical signs during each treatment and washout period (P > .05).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBoth DEX and FLUT treatments significantly inhibit airway hypersensitivity and hyperreactivity in horses with IAD. There are no significant effects on the clinical signs or the number of inflammatory cells (except lymphocytes) in BALF. The treatments have no residual effect 3 weeks after discontinuation.

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Evaluation of a risk-screening questionnaire to detect equine lung inflammation: Results of a large field study

Abstract: Prevalence of MLAI was high in this population. Although the RSQ did not allow differentiating normal horses from horses with MLAI, it has a high sensitivity to detect horses with SLAI and is therefore a good screening tool for SLAI.

Cited by 48 publications

References 36 publications

Inflammatory Airway Disease of Horses—Revised Consensus Statement

Inflammatory Airway Disease of Horses—Revised Consensus Statement

Pilot study to quantify the time to clear dexamethasone from plasma and urine of adult horses following a single nebulisation

Effect of Dexamethasone and Fluticasone on Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Horses With Inflammatory Airway Disease

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