Evaluation Methods of the Impact of Motorization on the Quality of the Atmospheric Air

Abstract

The automotive industry is one of the fastest developing branches in the world. From year to year on the roads appear more and more cars. In the modern vehicles, better and more efficient technologies reducing exhaust emission are applied. However, the cars are still the leading source of air pollution, especially in towns and cities. Car exhaust gases have adverse effect on the human health, because they form so-called "low emission". It means that they are released into the troposphere at the people living height. As a result, people are exposed to the direct and long-lasting contact with the fumes. Therefore, precise assessment is very important to the vehicles' impact on the quality of the atmospheric air. The review of the evaluation methods of the impact of vehicles on the air quality was presented in the paper, with special regard to the mathematical dispersion modelling of the exhaust gases. In particular, NOx emission by sector in Poland, changing NOx emissions from road transport in Poland in the years 2000-2009 with regard to the change in the number of cars, vertical cross-section of a typical symmetric urban street canyon are presented in the paper.

Statistic of fuel consumption in test and in natural operation of vehicles

“…Hence, there has been assumed, that the fuel consumption in controlled operation OFCs will be indicated from the relation OFC S = 0.368129 OFC AMS + 0.631871 OFC AMSS (8) If take that the operating fuel consumption is to be correlated with the test consumption then 0.368129 OFC AMS + 0.631871 OFC AMSS = OFC S = = b 0 + b 1 *FC UDC + b 2 *FC EUDC (9) As it is visible on the right side of the equation 9there does not exist the right side of the equation (7). It has been assumed, that there is no premise to stick to the formula (7) resulting from the Table 1 The usefulness of the assumption according to (9) has been checked by the use of operating data presented by AMS.…”

The influence of the heating time of a catalyst-covered glow plug on the exhaust emissions from a diesel engine

“…An increasing stress put on the reduction of the negative impact of motor vehicles on the environment by both the legislators in individual countries and the society forces the engineers to search for increasingly complex technical solutions that will ensure the reduction of the said impact and the fulfillment of the applicable emission standards [2][3][4][5]. Among such actions, are those that influence the emission of individual harmful exhaust components immediately after they are evacuated from the engine (aftertreatment systems).…”