Evaluating the Protective Capacity of Two-Post ROPS for a Seat-Belted Occupant During a Farm Tractor Overturn

Guan, Jinhua; Hsiao, Hongwei; Zwiener, Joyce; Current, Richard S.; Lutz, Tim; Cantis, D. M.; Powers, John R.; Newbraugh, Bradley H.; Spahr, J. S.

doi:10.13031/2013.36231

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The research on protective systems of tractors is largely characterized by studies on ROPS. These studies aimed to augment the structural protection effectiveness by analyzing the maximum mass, which is used as reference mass in the Code 4 and SAE J2194 Standard tests [70]; the behavior of size-extended models [71]; and the energy dissipation capability augmented by the insertion of an energy absorption disc [72]. Other studies investigated the performances of novel types of ROPS aimed at preventing the unsafe behavior of users, such as the AutoROPS [73] and the compact rollover protective structure (CROPS) [74,75].…”

Section: Protective Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Vision of Agricultural Tractors: An Engineering Perspective Based on Recent Studies (2009–2019)

Fargnoli

Lombardi

2019

Safety

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The high rate of injuries occurring in agricultural activities is of major concern in most countries, despite the ever-increasing efforts made at normative levels. In particular, the use of agricultural tractors is recognized as the most hazardous activity for farmers due to the large number of fatalities occurring every year. The aim of the present study was to investigate the recent developments in research activities dealing with tractor safety. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was carried out, taking into account engineering journal papers appearing in Scopus in the 2009–2019 period and focusing on tractor safety. As a result, 79 documents were selected and analyzed based on both their type (e.g., conceptual or empirical studies) and specific targets. They were then classified and discussed in accordance with a reference framework representing the main issues of agricultural tractor safety: mechanical hazards, protective devices, command and control, other hazards, ergonomics, information, conformity, and user behavior. The results of this analysis brought to light the need for a more human-centered approach when dealing with tractor safety. In addition, the lack of a reliable framework of technical standards was also stressed. Overall, despite the limitations due to the selection criteria, this study represents the first systematic literature review depicting the status of tractor safety in the engineering field, providing a basis for further research on the emerging themes outlined.

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Section: Protective Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Vision of Agricultural Tractors: An Engineering Perspective Based on Recent Studies (2009–2019)

Fargnoli

Lombardi

2019

Safety

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“…(Myers, 2000 ;Day et al, 2004 ;Alfaro et al, 2009;Murphy, 2010 ;Arana et al 2011). Sometimes, further kind of tests were provided, such as those concerning the lateral stability and the non-continuous rolling of the narrow track tractors in case a two pillar front mounted folding roll-bar has to be fitted (Silleli et al, 2009;Guan et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitting and testing roll-over protective structures on self-propelled agricultural machinery

Pessina¹,

Facchinetti²

2013

J Agricult Engineer

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Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS) represents the state of art for the driver’s protection in case of tractors roll-over. Despite their real risk of overturning, the ROPS approach for the Self-Propelled agricultural Machinery (SPM) is quite recent. Due to the several SPM categories available on the market, characterized by very different mass, dimension and working functions, the fitting of a ROPS and consequently the ascertainment of its protection level is quite complicated. SPM could be preliminarily divided into at least two categories: - large SPM: combine, forage, potato, sugar-beet and grape harvesters; sprayer; etc.; - small SPM: ride-on tractor, mower, comb side-delivery rake, etc. The most followed approach at present is to check preliminarily the overturning behavior of the SPM considering its longitudinal and lateral stability; if a real risk of overturning is ascertained, in order to minimize the likelihood of driver’s injury the manufacturer often installs a ROPS. The consequent need is to provide some test criteria of them. Sprayers between large SPM, and comb side-delivery rake between small SPM were the machine types on which ROPS were tested, adopting in both cases the procedure provided by Code 4 issued by the Organization for Economic and Cooperation Development (OECD), dedicated to ROPS fitted on conventional agricultural and forestry tractors. Notwithstanding the very different dimensions of these two SPM, this standard was selected considering the predictable roll-over behavior, also in relation with the front and rear track values. On the 4950 kg mass sprayer was fitted a closed cab, while on the 690 kg mass comb side-delivery rakes a 3-pillars frame was applied. In both cases the response of the tests was positive, so indicating a general suitability of OECD Code 4 to assure a ROPS good driver’s protection level in case of overturning. On the other hand, to ascertain more in detail the roll-over behavior of the SPM, some further questions need to be deeply examined, such as the driver’s place location, the height of the centre of gravity from the ground in different machine configurations (i.e. with crop tanks empty or full), the external silhouette, the axles mass distribution of the laden/unladen machine, etc.

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Evaluating the Protective Capacity of Two-Post ROPS for a Seat-Belted Occupant During a Farm Tractor Overturn

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Safety Vision of Agricultural Tractors: An Engineering Perspective Based on Recent Studies (2009–2019)

Safety Vision of Agricultural Tractors: An Engineering Perspective Based on Recent Studies (2009–2019)

Fitting and testing roll-over protective structures on self-propelled agricultural machinery

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