Evaluating the coating process of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and sodium tripolyphosphate on cucumbers under chilling condition to extend the shelf-life

Abstract

Cucumber is a highly perishable fruit, that can easily suffer from water loss, condensation, shriveling, yellowing and decay. The present investigation aim was to extending the shelf-life of cucumber using eco-friendly sodium tripolyphosphate and nano-material. Decay; hardness; succinate dehydrogenase activity (SDH); condensation and shriveling rates; and visual quality assessments of cucumbers fruits were evaluated during 21 days of storage period at 10 °C. There was a slight incidence of decay among (Chitosan/Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles) CS-TiO2 and (Chitosan/Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles/Sodium Tripolyphosphate) CS-TiO2-STP samples, which reported the lowest decay incidence 2.21% in CS-TiO2, while CS-TiO2-STP did not show any decay at end of storage period. CS-TiO2-STP recorded the lowest value in SDH activity 0.08 ∆OD min−1 mg protein−1. Very slight hardness, water condensation, and shriveling were detected in CS-TiO2 samples, while CS-TiO2-STP was the lowest compared with other SC samples and control. In general, CS-TiO2-STP treatment was found most potential to enhance the postharvest shelf life of cucumber throughout the storage period up to 21 day.

Application of chitosan nanoparticles in quality and preservation of postharvest fruits and vegetables: A review

“…In some cases, the CHNPs were combined with metals, such as copper (Eshghi et al., 2014; Meena et al., 2020), titanium(IV) oxide (Helal et al., 2021), iron(III) oxide (Saqib et al., 2019), and selenium (Salem, Abd‑Elraoof, et al., 2022; Salem, Tayel, et al., 2022), while other studies described the combination of the CHNPs with silica (Youssef et al., 2019; Youssef & Roberto, 2020) and graphitic carbon nitride (Ni et al., 2022). In contrast with the addition of essential oils, the addition of metals and inorganic salts did not pose any obvious effect on the size of CHNPs.…”

“…Similarly, chitosan–copper NPs increased the antioxidant properties of strawberries for 20 days (Eshghi et al., 2014), while the application of CHNPs only allowed effects for 8 days (Melo et al., 2018). Chitosan–titanium(IV) oxide NPs alleviated chilling stress symptoms in cucumbers for 21 days (Helal et al., 2021). In contrast, the combination of graphitic carbon nitride, chitosan, and curcumin only enhanced the antioxidant capacity of banana fruit for 10 days (Ni et al., 2022).…”

“…The antioxidant effects produced by CHNPs have been reported to reduce chilling stress symptoms. For example, chitosan/titanium dioxide NPs have been reported to enhance tolerance to chilling stress in cucumbers (Helal et al., 2021). Chitosan–phenylalanine NPs and CHNPs with glycine betaine reduced chilling injury in persimmon and plum, respectively (Mahmoudi et al., 2022; Nasr et al., 2021).…”

“…These effects were attributed to the enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduced ROS levels, which promoted physiochemical and quality factors in the postharvest products and increased phenolic contents. Chitosan/titanium dioxide NPs reduced changes in hardness, water condensation, discoloration, and shriveling of cucumber fruit (Helal et al., 2021). Several inducers have demonstrated enhancements to chilling stress tolerance in postharvest products by promoting AA metabolism and gamma‐aminobutyric acid biosynthesis, and thus ATP supply (Wang et al., 2020; Wang, Shi, Liu, et al., 2021).…”

Photoactivated TiO2 Nanocomposite Delays the Postharvest Ripening Phenomenon through Ethylene Metabolism and Related Physiological Changes in Capsicum Fruit

“…Many investigations have been carried out on effect of bulk TiO 2 as well as TiO 2 -NC on postharvest shelf life of fruit such as mango, tomato, cucumber etc. [17,18]. On the other hand, chitosan/TiO 2 -NP composite also can effectively protect grapes from fruit rotting micro-organism [19].…”