Evaluating the addition of activated carbon to heat-treated mushroom casing for grain-based and compost-based substrates

Bechara, M. A.; Heinemann, P.; Walker, P. N.; Demirci, Ali; Romaine, C. P.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2008.12.064

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In commercial cultivation of Agaricaceous mushrooms and others species (P. eryngii, C. comatus and G. lucidum), fructification occurs in the casing layer, material used as a top covering of the compost usually after the substrate is colonized by mushroom mycelium, to induce the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth [121,122]. A compost that is completely colonized by mycelium will not on its own produce mushrooms.…”

Section: Spent Mushroom Substrate As a Base Of The Casing Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Spent Mushroom Substrate in New Mushroom Crops to Promote the Transition towards A Circular Economy

et al. 2020

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The use of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) in new cultivation cycles has already been reported due to its economic and environmental viability. When considering the application of the circular economy concept in the production of edible mushrooms, the re-use of the SMS within the same process is highly attractive, because it allows a better use of the biomass and the energy involved in the process and, therefore, tends to improve energy efficiency and resource conservation. However, this alternative generates important challenges, which derive from maintaining the quality standards of the mushrooms produced and, at the same time, not incurring excessive costs that are detrimental to the process itself. In our opinion, the main difficulty of the process in achieving success is regarding the biological and agronomic parameters that involve the production of the mushroom. It is useless to apply SMS in new cycles if the mushroom harvest is impaired and farms become non-viable. However, numerous examples are reported here where SMS was recycled into new substrates for either the same or different mushroom species without negatively affecting yield compared with using substrates prepared from 100% fresh raw materials. Thus, we suggest that each farm has its own specific technological study, since a small variation in the raw material of the compost, and mushroom cultivation practices and casing layer used, can influence the entire viability of the mushroom circular economy.

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Section: Spent Mushroom Substrate As a Base Of The Casing Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Spent Mushroom Substrate in New Mushroom Crops to Promote the Transition towards A Circular Economy

et al. 2020

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“…Noble and Dobrovin-Pennington [ 28 ] used this information to develop a peat substitute for use in casing soil, based on fine particle coal tailings (a predominantly rock particle by-product obtained from dewatered suspensions in coal washing plants, with similar clay-like texture to sugar beet lime). Bechara et al [ 29 ] tested activated charcoal as a component of casing soil in their efforts to develop a system for mushroom cultivation based on non-composted substrates [ 30 , 31 ]…”

Section: Environmental Factors Influencing Primordia Buildingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Factors Involved in Primordia Building in Agaricus bisporus: A Review

et al. 2020

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The button mushroom Agaricus bisporus is an economically important crop worldwide. Many aspects of its cultivation are well known, except for the precise biological triggers for its fructification. By and large, for most basidiomycete species, nutrient availability, light and a drop in temperature are critical factors for fructification. A. bisporus deviates from this pattern in the sense that it does not require light for fructification. Furthermore its fructification seems to be inhibited by a self-generated factor which needs to be removed by microorganisms in order to initiate fruiting. This review explores what is known about the morphogenesis of fruiting initiation in A. bisporus, the microflora, the self-inhibitors for fruiting initiation and transcription factors involved. This information is subsequently contrasted with an overall model of the regulatory system involved in the initiation of the formation of primordia in basidiomycetes. The comparison reveals a number of the blank spots in our understanding of the fruiting process in A. bisporus.

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“…The substrate mixture received 3% of triturated charcoal and 1% CaCO 3 , to maintain the humidity and pH, as recommended by some mushroom producers in Brazil. Activated carbon or charcoal is also recommended for grain-based substrate casing in Agaricus bisporus production (BECHARA et al, 2009).…”

Section: Substrates Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological efficiency and nutritional value of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated in agroindustrial wastes of palm oil fruits and cocoa almonds

Silva

Carmo

Oliveira³

et al. 2020

Arq. Inst. Biol.

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The cocoa and palm oil agro-industries active in the state of Bahia, Brazil, generate high quantities of lignocellulosic wastes that could be recycled through their use in the formulation of substrates to cultivate edible mushrooms. Pleurotus ostreatus, also known as oyster mushroom, is the second most cultivated mushroom in the world due to its highly appreciated gastronomic, nutritional, and medicinal characteristics. This work evaluated the vertical mycelium growth, biological efficiency, mushroom yield, and nutritional composition of P. ostreatus produced in substrates formulated with a combination of palm oil fruit mesocarp (POFM) and cocoa almond peels (CAP) processing wastes. The substrates were formulated with the following POFM/CAP proportions (%/%): S1 – 86.4/9.6; S2 – 76.8/19.2; S3 – 67.2/28.8; S4 – 57.6/38.4, and S5 – 48.0/48.0. Substrates also received 3% powdered charcoal and 1% calcium carbonate. Substrates S1, S2, S3, and S4 were superior for vertical mycelium growth. S2 promoted the best biological efficiency (148.8%) and yield (560.5g·kg-1).The mushrooms produced in all substrates presented good nutritional values, although mushrooms produced using the S2 presented the highest crude protein content. Overall, S1 is the recommended substrate as it results in higher yields of nutrient rich mushrooms. Production of P. ostreatus in substrates composed of POFM and CAP represents a good alternative for recycling these wastes with potential economic and ecological benefits to regions where palm oil and cocoa are grown.

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Evaluating the addition of activated carbon to heat-treated mushroom casing for grain-based and compost-based substrates

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Use of Spent Mushroom Substrate in New Mushroom Crops to Promote the Transition towards A Circular Economy

Use of Spent Mushroom Substrate in New Mushroom Crops to Promote the Transition towards A Circular Economy

Critical Factors Involved in Primordia Building in Agaricus bisporus: A Review

Biological efficiency and nutritional value of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated in agroindustrial wastes of palm oil fruits and cocoa almonds

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